Page 92 - Ai_V1.0_Class9
P. 92

• Creating awareness  among  people: If we create awareness  among our people, then half of the battle in
                conserving energy is won. This awareness can be brought by:
                   Educating people for efficient use of energy at homes and in offices.
                ¬
                   Supporting campaigns and government initiatives for consumption of alternate sources of energy.
                ¬
                   Going for Reduce, Recycle, Repurpose, Refuse and Reuse of the available resources.
                ¬

              Food Conservation
              Natural Resources used as food for the living organisms are called Food Resources. Conservation of food resources
              will help retain the nutritional value of food and avoid its wastage. It serves to feed mankind in times of adverse
              conditions like war, natural calamity, food shortage due to climatic change, etc.

              The given methods for conserving food are used at different stages of food transfer from producer to consumer level:
                 • Cooling: Certain varieties of food can be refrigerated, while others can be frozen to stop the growth of harmful
                microorganisms like bacteria, mould, fungi, etc. on the food, thus preventing it from being unfit for consumption.
                 • Heating: Microorganisms are destroyed by heat at specific temperature. This process includes pasteurisation,
                cooking, and sterilisation.
                 • Removing moisture from food: This will hinder the growth of microorganisms on food by drying, salting,
                pickling, sugaring, and smoking food.
                 • Use of preservatives: Food preservatives like Sodium Benzoate, Parabens,  Formaldehyde, etc. are used to
                increase the shelf life of food items by keeping it fresh for a long time.

              Forest Conservation

              Forest is an important renewable resource and is made up of living and non-living components. It has plants in the
              form of trees, shrubs, climbers, grasses, and herbs. It provides us food, fodder, fibre, fruits, and fuel. It also regulates
              the temperature of a place and helps in conservation of soil.

              To conserve this natural vegetation that exists from thousands of years, follow the given methods:
                 • Control deforestation: Due to rapid urbanisation and the construction of dams,
                forests are cut to clear land. Cutting should be regulated by :
                   Clear cutting method: If the same types of trees are available over a large
                ¬
                   area, then trees of the same age group can be cut down in a selected area and
                   then marked for replantation.
                   Selective cutting method: Only mature trees are selected for cutting. This
                ¬
                   process is to be followed in rotation.
                   Shelter wood cutting method: Trees are cut on the basis of their utility of
                ¬
                   providing timber. Trees of lesser importance are cut first, followed by trees of moderate importance and at the
                   end the best trees are considered.
                 • Control forest fire: Fire in forests sometimes occurs due to natural processes like lightning strikes or friction
                between trees during high-speed winds. Sometimes, intentional or unintentional human activities may also cause
                fire in forest. Precautions must be taken for such incidents like making fire lanes, spreading chemicals to control
                fire, clearing out dry leaves and trees, etc. There must be a trained staff of fire-fighters to control the fire.
                 • Afforestation and Reforestation: Afforestation is the process of planting more trees on land with few or no
                trees i.e. creating a new forest. Reforestation is the process of planting more trees in an existing forest with
                less number of trees due to forest fire or excessive cutting. These two methods will help restore the natural
                vegetation which is important for maintaining the ecological balance.





                    90      Artificial Intelligence Play (Ver 1.0)-IX
   87   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   96   97