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World Wide Web

              The World Wide Web (WWW) or simply the Web is a huge collection of information. It is a vast network of linked
              hypertext files, stored on computers throughout the world, that can provide a computer user with information on a
              huge variety of subjects. Thus, it serves as a platform through which users can use or share information. It is made up of
                 • A web page
                 • A web browser
                 • A system to transfer information between the web browser and the web pages


              Web Page
              A web page is a document present on a computer that is connected to the Internet. There are hundreds of web
              pages. Each web page has a unique address/location like the address of a house. We can use the address to see a
              particular web page. To view a web page you need a web browser on your computer.


              Web Browser

              A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for using and sharing information on
              the World Wide Web.

              The most popular web browsers that are used today are:






                                 Chrome      Firefox      Opera      Safari          Microsoft Edge


              Searching for information
              Do the steps below to search for information on the Internet.

               Step 1   Open an Internet browser.

               Step 2   Type the topic, on which you want information, in the search box and hit the Enter key.
               Step 3   The search results having the required information will be displayed.



              Protocols
              Protocols are a set of rules and standards that define how data is exchanged and transmitted over a network. They
              establish guidelines that enable devices and systems to communicate effectively with each other. Protocols govern
              various aspects of communication, including the format of data packets, error handling, authentication, and encryption.

              Some of the important protocols are discussed below:
                 • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): SMTP is a protocol used for sending and receiving email.

                 • TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): TCP/IP is the foundational protocol suite of the
                Internet. It consists of two main protocols, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol). TCP
                ensures reliable delivery of data packets between devices on a network by establishing a connection-oriented
                session and managing packet sequencing and acknowledgment. It is a unique logical address of a device that
                helps identify a device at the time of sending and receiving data in a Network. It is made up of numbers or
                characters. Remembering these numeric values to access a specific website is a difficult task, so these numbers
                are given sensible textual names called web addresses.

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