Page 51 - Ai Robogenius

STEP - 9 Place the NPN transistor on the breadboard in rows 23-25 (row 23 - Collector, row
24 - Base, row 25 - Emitter).

� A sensor is a device that detects and responds to physical stimuli like light, heat,
STEP - 10 Connect a jumper wire from row 14, column i (where the cathode of the LED is motion or sound.
connected) to row 23, column i (the collector (C) pin of the NPN transistor).
� A photoresistor is a sensor that changes its resistance based on the amount of light falling on it.
STEP - 11 Connect a jumper wire from row 3, column g to row 24, column g (the base (B) pin � A photodiode is a semiconductor device that generates current when exposed to light.
of the NPN transistor). � An IR sensor is used to detect objects, measure distance or monitor the movement of people or

STEP - 12 Connect a jumper wire from row 2, column f to row 25, column f (the emitter (E) pin animals.
of the NPN transistor). � The ultrasonic sensor uses sound waves to measure distance by emitting high-frequency sound
waves and calculating the time it takes for them to bounce back.
STEP - 13 Connect a jumper wire from row 25, column h to the negative rail on the breadboard.
� A temperature sensor detects the temperature of its surroundings and converts it into an electrical
STEP - 14 Connect a jumper wire from row 7, column j to the positive rail on the breadboard. signal.

� Tinkercad allows students to explore how sensors work in real robots and electronic projects.
STEP - 15 Click on the Start Simulation button to test the circuit.

robo check

A. Tick ( ) the correct option.

1. Select the type of sensor that detects motion using infrared radiation.
(i) Photoresistor (ii) Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

(iii) PIR Sensor (iv) Temperature Sensor
2. Which of the following is true about the temperature sensor?

(i) It detects light levels

(ii) It detects heat and converts it into an electrical signal

(iii) It measures distance using sound

(iv) It measures soil moisture

3. Select the correct order of how a sensor works.
The LED will automatically turn on when the surrounding light is low (when the photoresistor
detects darkness) and turn off when the light is bright. This confirms that the photoresistor is (i) Detection, Conversion, Output, Processing
sensing light levels and controlling the LED accordingly. (ii) Detection, Processing, Conversion, Output

ECOTECH Solar-Powered Outdoor Lights use photoresistors to turn on automatically when it gets dark, (iii) Processing, Conversion, Detection, Output
ENERGY conserving energy. (iv) Detection, Conversion, Processing, Output

Introduction to Sensors in Tinkercad
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