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SECTION B (Subjective Type Questions)
                 A.   Short answer type questions.
                       1.  When and why did IBM begin developing Project Debater?
                     Ans.  In  2012,  IBM  began  developing  Project  Debater,  with  the  goal  of  creating  a  machine  capable  of  more  than
                          just  winning  debates  with  humans.  IBM’s  goal  was  to  create  a  system  that  could  assist  individuals  in  making
                          evidence-based, bias-free decisions on complex problems where the answers were not evident.
                       2.  Define entity and relationship.

                     Ans.  An entity can be real-world objects such as names, locations, organisations, or dates. They can also be defined as
                          a noun representing a person, place, a thing such as product name, technical phrase, or domain-specific concepts.
                          A relationship can be defined as a collection of two or more entities that share a strong bond with one another.
                       3.  Differentiate between frontend and backend of a chatbot.

                     Ans.  A chatbot’s frontend is the messaging channel through which users interact and it has an easy-to-use interface.
                          However, one drawback of the frontend is that it may lack contextual understanding, which means it may struggle
                          to grasp the whole meaning or context of user communications. The backend of a chatbot is where the hard work
                          happens. The backend handles application logic and has enough memory to remember previous sections of a
                          discussion as it progresses.
                       4.   “Computers  excel  in  working  with  structured  data,  in  which  everything  is  properly  organised  and  labelled.
                          Unfortunately for machines, human language is not structured.” What is so different about the human language?
                     Ans.  Human language is extremely complex, with strange expressions that appear to contradict one another, vocabulary
                          that  takes  cultural  knowledge  to  understand,  and  grammatical  patterns  that  may  turn  simple  statements  into
                          complex expressions or tongue twisters.

                       5.  Explain ‘concept’ with the help of an example.
                     Ans.  A concept is an idea suggested or implied in a sentence but not actually stated. This is more challenging because
                          it requires connecting underlying ideas rather than just the specific words used. For example, George Carlin said:
                          “I went to a bookstore and asked the saleswoman, ‘Where’s the self-help section?’ She said if she told me, it would
                          defeat the purpose.”

                 B.   Long answer type questions.
                       1.  What are the steps for preparing and presenting a winning Project Debate?
                     Ans.  A winning Project Debate can be prepared and presented following the given steps:
                          •   Understanding: AI has huge data at its disposal, several billion passages from articles, magazines, newspapers,
                            books, and journals. AI machine on understanding the topic create a vocabulary corpus and collate the data
                            from its whole pool of sources.
                          •   Reasoning: After the analysis a short speech is made from different text collected from varied sources with every
                            minute detail presenting a compelling argument, in logical order, using good vocabulary.

                          •   Learning: Learn and understand the meaning of facts related to the topic. Gather and arrange facts supporting
                            your argument and formulate your arrangement each time when new evidence arrives. This will help you find
                            updated or completely new information that can score points against your opponent’s position.
                          •   Interacting:  Listen  to  your  opponent’s  arguments  and  opinions,  then  present  a  convincing  altercation  that
                            further proves your case.












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