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Algorithm
              Technology is supposed to be unbiased. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Parenting, experience, and culture shape
              people and therefore internalize certain assumptions about the world around them. AI is the same. It is constructed by
              algorithms designed and adjusted by these people, and it tends to "think" the way it is taught.
              Visit the website PortraitAI art generator (https://ai-art.tokyo/en/). You upload your selfies here, and the
              artificial intelligence uses its understanding of Baroque and Renaissance portraits to draw your portrait in
              the manner of a master. If you are white, the result is very good. The drawback is that the most popular
              paintings of this era were of European whites. So, the database consists of mainly white people and an
              algorithm that relies on the same database when drawing images tends to make you look ‘fairer’.

              Societal Bias
              Societal AI bias occurs when an AI acts in ways that reflect social intolerance or institutional discrimination. Initially, the
              algorithms and data themselves seem unbiased, but their results reinforce societal biases.
              Here is an example of social bias in AI-based decision-making. Google recently found itself in trouble because a feature
              in its advertising system allows advertisers, including owners or employers, to discriminate against transgenders. Those
              who advertise on Google or Google-owned YouTube can choose to exclude people who have not been identified as
              male or female. This allows advertisers, intentionally or unintentionally, to discriminate against people who are non-
              male or female, which violates the anti-discrimination law. Since then, Google has changed its advertising settings.
              This  is  an  example  of  algorithmic  data  bias  formed  by  social  bias,  which  gives  people  the  opportunity  to  further
              strengthen their biases through technology.


                      What do we do about the Biases in AI?

              Have a factual dialogue about underlying human biases. With more advanced tools for detecting bias in machines, we
              can raise our standards for humans. This can take the form of running an algorithm, and then a human decision maker
              can compare the results. The human decision maker can also use "interpretation techniques" to help identify the reasons
              that led to the model's decision, to understand the reasons for possible discrepancies. The important thing is that
              when we find biases, it is not enough to change the algorithm; business leaders must also improve the human-driven
              processes behind it.
              Consider how humans and machines can work together to reduce bias.  Some “human-in-the-loop” systems make
              recommendations  or  provide  options  for  humans  to  choose  from.  The  transparency  of  these  algorithms  in  their
              recommendations can help people to understand how much weight they should be given.

              Companies should invest more, provide more data, and take a multidisciplinary approach to bias investigations (while
              respecting privacy of course) to continue to make progress in this area. Major efforts to make algorithm designer choices
              more transparent and incorporate ethics into computer science courses are a starting point.



                            Brainy Fact


                    Virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa have been severely criticized for ‘gender bias’, i.e., having only female
                    voices. As of March 31, 2021 when Apple released the iOS beta update, users can choose between male and
                    female voices when enabling Siri. Similarly, Amazon has rolled out India’s first celebrity voice feature on Alexa
                    with the movie star Mr. Amitabh Bachchan.








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