Page 166 - Artificial Intellegence_v2.0_Class_12
P. 166

B    Long ans er type  uestions
             1.   List four considerations that should be kept in mind during the testing phase.
           Ans.  •  The volume of test data can be huge, that provides data complexities
                 •   Human biases in picking test data might have a negative impact on the testing phase; thus, data validation is
                     critical.
                 •   The testing team should put the AI and  ML  algorithms through rigorous testing while maintaining model
                     validity and keeping successful learning ability, and algorithm efficacy in mind.
                 •   Also, due to the sheer volume of data, performance testing is critical.
             2.   Explain the terms overfitting, underfitting and perfect fit in terms of model testing.
           Ans.    •   ver itting: A model is overfitted when it is trained with a lot of data. The model does not categorise the data
                    correctly as there are too many details. To avoid overfitting, model complexity must be reduced.
                 •   Underfitting: It usually happens when we have less data to build an accurate model. The AI model or the
                     algorithm does not fit the data well enough. To avoid underfitting, the training period must be increased to get
                     better results.
                 •   Perfect fit: This happens when our model is able to predict with good accuracy on both testing and validation
                     data. This happens with correct set of all the hyperparameters.
             3.   Create a 4W Project Canvas for the following:
                 It makes no difference whether you are in the driver's or passenger's seat. We've all been stuck in traffic for hours.
                 Long, never-ending lines and blasting horns are a regular occurrence in any metropolis. Despite the fact that our
                 modes of mobility have advanced significantly in recent years, our traffic management systems have struggled to
                 keep up with the increase in the number of cars. AI, on the other hand, has the potential to provide a solution to this
                 problem. Siemens Mobility has developed a prototype of a monitoring system that employs artificial intelligence
                 (AI) via surveillance cameras placed along the rails. Cameras detect the number of vehicles in real-time and send the
                 data to a control centre, where algorithms compute traffic density. The system adjusts the sequence of traffic lights
                 on the roads based on this information.
           Ans.
                    UR                      stakeholders  People stranded in tra  c  ams
                   HAS/HAVE PROBLEM THAT    issue, problem, need   raffic  ams cause inconvenience to public  WHAT

                   WHEN/WHILE               conte t,  situation    oor  traffic  management  causes  long  traffic  WHERE
                                           queues, reduced productivity, delays, wastage of fuel and air pollution
                   AN IDEAL SOLUTION        benefit of solution to them  An effective AI solution that  ill detect  WHY
                                           the number of vehicles  on road and thus compute/control  the
                                           sequence of traffic lights.



           Compet
                                            ased questions:
                         ased/Application-b
        C.  Competency-based/Application-based questions:
                   ency-b
            1.  Consider the following statements containing an assertion and a reason:
               Select the appropriate option for the statements given above:
               a.  Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
               b.  Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
               c.  A is true but R is false
               d.  A is False but R is true
               i.  Assertion (A): Before beginning to build a solution, it is critical to first understand the problem description and
                   business limitations.
                   Reason (R): Business limitations assist you in realising the required solution's quality and terms.
             Ans.  a



              164     Touchpad Artificial Intelligence (Ver. 2.0)-XII
   161   162   163   164   165   166   167   168   169   170   171