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• Ideas/Message: This message can be in the form of an idea or any information a sender wishes to convey.
• Encoding: Sending a message in the form of text, signs, symbols or any other visual which the receiver has to
decode to know its actual meaning.
• Communication Channel: Is the medium used to deliver a message. So, now we can send messages through
e-mail, voice mail, social websites, etc.
• Receiver: Can be any person, group or an organisation that interprets the message conveyed by a sender. Also
a receiver needs to be smart enough to understand exact meaning of the message sent.
• Decoding: The receiver has to extract the meaning from the text, signs or symbols sent by the sender and find
out its actual meaning.
• Feedback: It is the process in which the receiver and the sender are ensuring that they understood each other
correctly.
Importance of Communication Skills
Communication is a two way process. It is an interchange of ideas or information from sender to receiver and vice
versa. Communication is important for many reasons mentioned below:
• Information: Information is the most important reason for communication. Whenever there is a need to
exchange ideas or information in a group or an organisation, it can be done through words, signals, signs,
gestures etc. Information can also be gathered through personal interviews with prominent people. For example
a teacher teaching in a class passes the information to the students in that class.
• Motivation: It energises a person towards the attainment of the desired goal. A teacher motivates a child using
proper words and gestures to perform well in the exam. A manager motivates his team to meet their sales
targets.
• Persuasion: It influences a person to perform a specific task. A mother persuades her child to work hard to score
good grades in exams. A coach persuades his team to strongly face all the challenge in a match.
• Brings clarity: Verbal or non-verbal communication brings clarity to the message a sender wishes to convey.
Perspectives in Communication
Perspective is the fixed idea or thinking that affects our communication. It can be a sender or a receiver of the
message affecting the interpretation of the message thus altering the intended meaning of it. Let us assume that
a teacher wanting to teach a difficult topic in a simplified way is not understood by the students as the students
assumed that the topic was too difficult to understand. This perspective of a student that the topic is difficult did
not allow the student to understand despite the teacher's effort to make it simple.
Factors Affecting Perspectives in Communication
We face this problem of conveying and understanding the message due to some problems in our communication.
Some of the factors that affect the perspectives in our communication are:
• Language: It is a very important factor that affects communication. Sometimes we are not familiar with the
language we wish to communicate. Using wrong words at wrong places may alter the meaning of the message
and thus do not solve the purpose of effective communication.
• Visual Perception: It is the ability of the brain to interpret the message received through our eyes. For example,
solving the jigsaw puzzle based on the visual interpreted by our brain.
• Past Experience: Our past experience influences our communication both at the sender and at the receiver end. If a
student scores bad grades in one test, he may lose his confidence and do not perform well in his next test.
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