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How does Internet Work?

            The working of the Internet is as follows:

               • At home, a computer or any other smart device (client) will connect to an Internet through an Internet Service
              Provider.
               • When you enter a web address in the address bar of any browser window, it will set up a connection between a
              client computer and a web server and will send a request to a web server.

               • Using the HTTP protocol, the web server containing the information will be released in the form of packets.
               • Using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), the packets will travel with the speed of light and using IP (Internet
              Protocol), will be received at client side and reassembled to display the information requested by the user.
              All these steps of information requested and received happens in a fraction of seconds.



                       Task


                 1.  Explain any two types of operating system.
                 2.  Write the steps to create a folder.
                 3.  How can we change the date and time of a system? Write down the steps.
                 4.  What is the procedure for starting a computer?




                    Terminologies of the Internet


            Some of the important terms related to the Internet are:
               • Online: Going online means connecting your device to the Internet.
               • Hyperlink/HyperText/Link: When a move pointer hovers over a word, text or graphics, it changes to a small
              hand and when clicked it opens a webpage or a website. It serves as a link for connecting many web documents
              to simplify the process of web browsing.
               • Webpage: A hypertext document on the web containing formatted information in the form of text, hypertext,
              pictures, audios, videos, and other graphics that can be accessed through hyperlinks. A web page is designed
              using web languages like HTML, Script language, ASP etc.
               • Website: Collection of related web pages that can be accessed by a unique web address or URL. A website is
              owned either by an individual or any organisation and can be hosted on a World Wide Web.
               • Homepage: The first page displayed when you visit a website is called a homepage. It generally contains the
              hyperlinks for the other webpages.
               • World Wide Web (WWW): It is also known as web. It is one of the services of the Internet and is a huge
              collection of data and information in the form of webpages and websites containing hypertext and hyperlinks. It
              uses HTTP protocol to access the web data through interconnected web servers all across the world which can
              be made available using a web browser.
               • Web address/URL (Uniform Resource Locator): It is the address of the web file located on a web server that can
              be accessed using any web browser on the Internet. It is similar to the address we write on an envelope. URL is
              translated into a numeric address using the domain name system. For example: https://www.orangeeducation.in/
               • DNS (Domain Name System): It is a phonebook of the Internet that translates each URL into its corresponding
              IP address. Each device connected to the Internet has a unique IP address.

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