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•  Sophia, the Humanoid Robot: It is designed by HongKong-based company Hanson Robotics in Feb 2016 and
                    made her first public appearance in March 2016 in the USA.
               2.  Explain any two gadgets which do not use AI.
              Ans.  The gadgets which do not use AI are:
                  •  A Fully Automatic Dishwasher: It can work on its own but requires an input from humans. You can select
                    different parameters/commands and based on your choices, the necessary action is taken. Hence, it is an
                    example of automation and not AI.
                  •  IP-Enabled Security Cameras: They can be accessed remotely with the help of the internet but still needs a
                    human touch. So, it is an example of the Internet of Things (IoT).

               3.  Give three examples of AI around us.
              Ans.  The three examples of AI around us are as follows:
                  •  Smartphones: The built-in smart assistants (like Siri) are some obvious examples of AI. Google’s AI-powered
                    predictions have a visible impact in every person’s life. The portrait mode of the camera in our smartphone is
                    also an AI feature. It makes the background blur while focusing the foreground object.
                  •  Email Spam Filters: Email categorization and spam filters are one of the powering features of AI that affect our
                    inbox. Simple rule-based filters are used to mark spam or put email into various categories as Primary, Social,
                    Promotion or Important.
                  •  Virtual Assistants: Smart virtual assistants that we use to control our smart house are prime examples of AI
                    impacting our daily lives. They use AI to study our behaviour and patterns so that they can adjust themselves
                    automatically. They are capable to do several things like send quick messages, set reminders, check the weather
                    and get the latest news.
               4.  How can a machine become intelligent?
              Ans.  Artificial Intelligence makes the machines intelligent. Programming along with some aspects of human intelligence like
                  decision making and problem solving gives rise to intelligent machines. Machines are fed with enough data and correct
                  algorithms to make them intelligent.
               5.  “The more the data, the better will be the analysis” Justify.
              Ans.  AI requires large  amounts of data to find  the  latest trends and  patterns. For  example,  I plan  to organise a  social
                  gathering in an open air setup in the month of August in Delhi. I will have to look for a weather forecast for the same
                  and also look at the previous years' trends. So data collection is the base for analyses and pattern recognition models.
                  From  those patterns, predictive models  can be made. Applications of AI in data sciences  can be seen in weather
                  forecasting, score prediction, targeted advertisement, predictive analysis in finance.

               6.  What projects are undertaken to achieve No Poverty in SDG?
              Ans.  The projects  involved in achieving this SDG are:
                  a.   Combining satellite imagery and machine learning to predict poverty: The study used machine learning to
                    assess consumer spending and asset wealth, using high-resolution satellite imagery to measure poverty in Africa.

                  b.   Methods for Extremely Rapid Observation of Nutritional Status (MERON) to detect malnutrition using photographs.
                     Kmetrica has developed and application MERON that can access malnutrition status of individuals using facial
                     recognition and processing algorithms.

               7.  Explain any three AI-enabled SDG projects undertaken for affordable and clean energy.
              Ans.  Three AI-enabled SDG projects undertaken for affordable and clean energy are:
                  a.   AI  in  energy  Security:  SparkCognition  is an  AI  technology  company  that  uses AI  to  predict  when  critical
                     infrastructure will collapse.
                  b.   AI  for  Management  and  Operations  of  Solar  Power  Plants: Using AI-based diagnostic and  optimization
                     solutions, production data of a solar plant can be optimized.



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