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DATA INFORMATION
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
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Input is the data that is fed to the computer by the user. Some examples of input are numbers for
calculation, marks of students of a class, etc.
Processing refers to the series of actions by which the computer converts raw data into meaningful result.
Processing of data is done in the CPU.
Output is the final result produced, which is also termed as information. Some examples of output are
graphs, mark sheets, reports, animated movies, etc.
Data is a collection of raw facts and figures that are fed to the computer in the form of input.
Process is the series of actions performed on the data to convert it into meaningful result as per the given
instructions. Information is the result produced by the computer in the form of output.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER
A computer is a wonderful electronic machine and it has many significant features that make it a
multi-purpose device. The special characteristics that make it such a popular and useful machine are:
Speed: A computer works at a very high speed. It can execute millions of instructions in a second. Its
speed is measured in Hertz i.e., Hz (kHz, MHz, GHz, etc.). A modern computer can perform calculations in
nanoseconds or even picoseconds.
Unit of Time In Seconds
1 Millisecond (1 ms) 0.001 or 10 Seconds
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1 Microsecond (1 µs) 0.000001 or 10 Seconds
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1 Nanosecond (1 ns) 0.000000001 or 10 Seconds
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1 Picosecond (1 ps) 0.000000000001 or 10 Seconds
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Accuracy: A computer performs its tasks accurately. It performs calculations
without making mistakes and produces information in accordance to the data
entered.
Reliability: A computer is a reliable device, it does not fail to produce accurate
results. It works exactly as per the given instructions. It can even work in severe
conditions, where human beings cannot work.
Versatility: A computer is versatile in nature i.e., it can work on various kinds of
inputs and can produce multiple kinds of outputs like sounds, graphics, texts,
animations, etc. It is a single machine capable of performing hundreds of different
tasks.
12 Touchpad Computer Applications (Ver. 2.0)-IX

