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BASIC TERMINOLOGIES
Let us now learn about some basic terms related to HTML. These are:
Tag
Element
Attribute
Tag
Tag refers to the code of instructions that are used in a markup language like HTML to perform an action.
It is the fundamental unit of coded document in HTML. It is surrounded by special delimiter characters
i.e., a tag is enclosed within angular brackets ‘<’ and ‘>’. If brackets are not given, then the browser
interprets the code to be a part of the normal text not tags. A tag tells the web browser, how that part of
the document is to be displayed in a web page. Two types of tags are used in HTML:
Container Tag
Empty Tag
No extra space should be given after the start of the bracket. If the browser encounters a space, it
may not recognize the tag and will not display the information correctly. Tags are not case-sensitive,
but a common convention is to write them in capital letters so that they are prominent in the coded
document.
Container Tag
The tags that are used in pairs are called ‘Container Tags’. It has an opening and a closing tag. The closing
tag is same as opening tag but it is used with a forward slash(/) before the tag name. Such tags defines a
section of text and specifies the formatting of all the content inside it. These tags are also referred to as
paired tags or ON/OFF tags. Some container elements are:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
<B>
<CENTER>
For example:
<H1>............ </H1> (Contains opening and closing tags for displaying headings.)
<BLOCKQUOTE>
............ (Contains opening and closing tags to indent text inside it.)
</BLOCKQUOTE>
Introduction to HTML 53

