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E-commerce is often used to refer to the sale of physical products online, but it includes any kind of
                  commercial transaction that is facilitated through the Internet. While doing e-commerce, each stakeholder
                  (either seller or buyer) must follow ethical conduct which are as follows:
                  E-commerce Privacy

                  Privacy has become a major concern for users with the rise of theft of data and passwords. e-commerce

                  privacy relates to concealing information of an individual or an organisation while doing transactions on
                  the net. It includes the process involved while a company collects, handles, stores, shares and protects
                  users’  personal  and  often  sensitive  information  gathered  through  their  website.  For  an  e-commerce
                  company, this is crucial as it is not only seen as a sign of credibility and trust, but also ensures that website
                  owners are legally safe and protected, along with their customers, adhering to their legal obligations.

                  E-commerce Fraud

                  The  term  e-commerce  fraud  is  also  known  as  purchase  fraud.  It  occurs  when  a  criminal  (fraudster)
                  approaches a merchant and proposes for a business transaction using fraudulent means such as a stolen
                  or fake credit card to pay for transactions. This leads to payment by some other’s account or leaves the
                  merchant without getting paid for the sale that was just made. Non delivering of ordered goods and

                  delivering false/damaged goods are also types of fraud.
                  Secure Data Transmission in e-commerce

                  Secure  Data  Transmission  is  an  essential  part  of  any  transaction  that  takes  place  over  the  Internet.
                  Customers may lose their faith in e-business if there is any chance of leak in its security. Following are the
                  essential requirements for secure data transmission:

                    Confidentiality: Information uploaded during e-commerce transaction should not be accessible to
                      an unauthorized user. It should not be intercepted during the transmission of details.

                    Integrity: Information should not be altered during its transmission over the network.
                    Authenticity: There should be a mechanism to authenticate a user before giving him/her an access
                      to the required information.

                    Encryption: Information should be encrypted and decrypted only by an authorised user.

                    Auditability: Data should be recorded in such a way that it can be audited for integrity requirements.

                    Encryption: Information should be encrypted and decrypted only by an authorized user.


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