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Thus, we can classify the era of mobile technology in different generations as:
First Generation (1G)
1G refers to the first generation of cellular service, which was introduced in 1980s. It was used for voice
services and was based on technology called Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It has of great
contribution as it gave birth to mobile technology. It lacked security, and did not provide consistent
communication during voice transmission.
Second Generation (2G)
2G refers to the second generation cellular service and was introduced in late 1990s. It was based on
digital technology and supported text messaging (SMS). It is used digital signals for voice transmission.
It enabled text messaging also, ‘Pagers’ were introduced for text messaging.
SMS
SMS (Short Message Service) is commonly known as ‘Text Message’. It’s a way to send text messages
(typed in characters, numbers or symbols) from one mobile device to another. Standard SMS is limited to
160 characters per message, including spaces. However, longer messages with more than 160 characters
are automatically split up into extra content and become additional message and follow as an extension
to the initial SMS.
Third Generation (3G)
3G refers to the third generation of cellular service. It has enabled higher rate of data transmission and
has provided multimedia support. In this generation, wireless technology is more enhanced over previous
wireless technologies, thus it has helped in high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access, video
streaming, video chatting on wireless signal, etc. It has been commonly in use after 2000.
The technology of this generation has enabled facilitating to connect the phone to the Internet in order
to make voice and video calls and to download and upload data on the Web. The rate of data transfer in
3G networks may go beyond 2 Mbps.
MMS
MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) is a way to send and receive messages that include images,
audio, and video clips in addition to text. In 3G mobiles, even such messages are delivered instantly.
Fourth Generation (4G)
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular service. It has integrated features of 3G with Internet
compatibility to support wireless mobile Internet, as the data transmission speed in Standard 4G
(or 4G LTE) is around five to seven times faster than 3G. 4G provides same features as 3G but with high
data transfer speed.
It provides data transfer speed around 150Mbps. 4G enables flawless service in applications like wireless
broadband access, Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), video chat, mobile TV, HDTV content, Digital
Video Broadcasting (DVB).
Some use Wi-Max technology in their 4G network, while other uses technology called Long Term
Evolution, or LTE in 4G Network in India.
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