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GLOSSARY #Digital Literacy
1. Algorithm: It is a set of well-defined finite steps or rules to be followed to solve any problem.
2. Artificial intelligence (AI): It is the ability of a digital computer to perform tasks that require human intelligence
like reasoning ability, recognising objects, learning from past experience, and developing new ideas.
3. Augmented Reality: It is an enhanced version of reality created by the use of technology to overlay digital
information on an image of something being viewed through a device (such as a smartphone camera).
4. Base case: It is the condition in which the function stops calling itself. This is a very important part of recursion
construct otherwise the function will call itself infinitely until the program crashes.
5. Big O notation: It is the measurement of growth rate of an algorithm with increase in its input size.
6. Character encoding: It is a process of assigning numeric code to character sets of different human languages
across the world.
7. Classes: These are non-primitive data types that act as a blueprint for creating objects of the same type.
8. Constructor: It is a member function having the same name as that of a class and used to initialise the instance
variables of the objects that are created.
9. Contrapositive: It is the proposition that is inverse of its converse.
10. Converse: It is the proposition obtained by interchanging the antecedent and consequent.
11. Data abstraction: It is the property by which the essential features of a class are represented without knowing
the background details that how it is actually executing, i.e., non-essential units are hidden from the user.
12. Deletion: It is the process of deleting or removing an element from the array from the given position.
13. Electronic mail: It is a method of sending, receiving and storing digital messages from one person to another.
14. Encapsulation: It is the wrapping up of data members and member methods together into a single unit.
15. Ethics: These are the standards and practices which deal with the moral ideologies of an individual.
16. Exception handling: It is a mechanism to handle errors that occur during the execution of the program so that
the normal flow of the code can be maintained.
17. File: It is a named location that can be used to store related information permanently in a secondary storage
device.
18. Flowchart: It is a pictorial representation of an algorithm using standard symbols.
19. Free software: It is the software that grants the user the freedom to share, study, and modify it.
20. Full adder: It is a combinational circuit that is designed to perform the addition of three bits and produce the
two binary outputs as sum (S) and carry(C) bits.
21. Half adder: It is a combinational circuit that is designed to perform the addition of two bits and produce the
two binary outputs as sum (S) and carry(C) bits.
574574 Touchpad Computer Science-XI

