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    These sensors track the room’s temperature and light levels, so a small computer
                     can decide when to turn things off, saving both electricity and money.

                     Cameras

                     Cameras collect a type of data called visual
                     data. This data is not just useful for taking
                     selfies.  Traffic cameras  on  roads  capture

                     how  many vehicles are passing, how  fast
                     they  are moving  and whether drivers are

                     following the  rules. AI systems  can study
                     this data and predict where a traffic jam is
                     likely to form, so drivers can be warned in

                     advance.

                     In large supermarkets, cameras monitor the
                     shelves and send an alert when a product is
                     running low. In hospitals, cameras in certain

                     wards help nurses keep an eye on patients who need close attention. These uses
                     depend on machines that collect and understand visual data very quickly.

                     These  systems  are  always  gathering  data to  make  quick  decisions,  whether it’s
                     helping manage traffic, monitor store stock or ensure patient safety.

                     Clicks, Searches and Your Digital Footprint

                                                                   Every action you  take  online leaves a tiny

                                                                   trace behind.  This trace is called a digital
                                                                   footprint.  When you  search for something,
                                                                   click on a link, watch a video or pause a song,

                                                                   that action is recorded as data somewhere.

                                                                   Apps  and  websites  use  this  data  to  learn
                                                                   about the people who use them. For example,
                                                                   a video streaming app notices which videos

                                                                   you  watch all  the way through and which
                                                                   ones you  skip  after ten seconds.  Based  on

                     this, it suggests new videos that it thinks you will enjoy. This is a machine using the
                     data it has collected to try to be helpful to you.

                     Although this data is collected from every action you take online, machines work
                     24/7, gathering and analysing this data to improve the services they provide.

                                                                                          Good Data and Bad Data       27

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