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      Machine Learning (ML): This is a subset of AI where machines learn from data.
                         Instead of being programmed with specific instructions, machines use patterns
                         in the data to make predictions or decisions. For example, a machine can learn

                         to recognise photos of cats and dogs by being shown many pictures of them. The
                         more data it gets, the better it gets at understanding and making decisions.

                        Algorithm: An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions that a machine
                         or computer follows to complete a task. It’s like a recipe that tells the machine

                         exactly what to do at each stage. For example, an algorithm might tell a computer
                         how to sort a list of numbers from smallest to largest or how to recognise a face
                         in a photo. Algorithms help machines make decisions or solve problems quickly

                         and accurately.

                        Neural Networks: These are a type of machine learning inspired by how the human
                         brain works. They are made up of layers of neurons that process information.
                         Each neuron takes in data, processes it and passes it on to the next layer. As the

                         network is trained with data, it learns to recognise patterns and make decisions.
                         Neural networks are used in tasks like recognising images, understanding speech

                         and even translating languages. The more data they get, the better they become at
                         their tasks.

                                        If X is to the South of Y and Z is to the East of Y, then in what direction is
                                        X with respect to Z?

                                               a)  North-East                             b)  North-West

                                               c)  South-West                             d)  South-East

                      HUMAN VS MACHINE INTELLIGENCE

                      Intelligence is the ability to learn, understand
                      and solve problems. It helps to  think,
                      reason and make decisions. AI is a type of

                      intelligence  that  computers  and machines
                      use to solve problems and make decisions,
                      just  like  humans  do.  While  both  humans

                      and machines  can make  decisions  and
                      show creativity, they do so in very different
                      ways. Let's explore these  differences in

                      more detail.

                       8         Artificial Intelligence (CT & AI)-V

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