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These sensors track the room’s temperature and light levels, so a small computer
can decide when to turn things off, saving both electricity and money.

Cameras

Cameras collect a type of data called visual
data. This data is not just useful for taking
selfies. Traffic cameras on roads capture

how many vehicles are passing, how fast
they are moving and whether drivers are

following the rules. AI systems can study
this data and predict where a traffic jam is
likely to form, so drivers can be warned in

advance.

In large supermarkets, cameras monitor the
shelves and send an alert when a product is
running low. In hospitals, cameras in certain

wards help nurses keep an eye on patients who need close attention. These uses
depend on machines that collect and understand visual data very quickly.

These systems are always gathering data to make quick decisions, whether it’s
helping manage traffic, monitor store stock or ensure patient safety.

Clicks, Searches and Your Digital Footprint

Every action you take online leaves a tiny

trace behind. This trace is called a digital
footprint. When you search for something,
click on a link, watch a video or pause a song,

that action is recorded as data somewhere.

Apps and websites use this data to learn
about the people who use them. For example,
a video streaming app notices which videos

you watch all the way through and which
ones you skip after ten seconds. Based on

this, it suggests new videos that it thinks you will enjoy. This is a machine using the
data it has collected to try to be helpful to you.

Although this data is collected from every action you take online, machines work
24/7, gathering and analysing this data to improve the services they provide.

Good Data and Bad Data 27