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even adjust the timing based on how many cars are waiting, helping traffic flow
more smoothly.

Example 4: Sorting Books in a Library

When a librarian arranges books alphabetically,
they use a sorting algorithm, a step-by-step

method for putting things in order. Computers
also use similar steps to sort a large number of
items very quickly. Sorting algorithms are one of

the most important tools in computer science.

There are so many other examples of using algorithm in real-life, like your morning

alarm, using a washing machine to clean clothes, playing a game by following rules,
sending a message on your phone, etc.

Checkpoint Fill in the blanks.

1. One of the most important elements in algorithmic thinking is the .
2. is when you make decisions based on facts and rules, not feelings

or guesses.
3. Once you understand the problem, break the process into the
possible steps.
4. Testing means checking that the works correctly with different

situations.

21 st
Century #Creativity
interdisciplinary activity Skills

Explore the journey of cotton from farm to mill by first arranging these jumbled steps in the
correct order: picking, planting, growing, cleaning, transport, carding, spinning and weaving.
Once sorted, create a simple chart using pictures or arrows to show how cotton moves from

the farmer's field to the factory. Use different colours to highlight the three key roles — the
farmer who grows and harvests the crop, the transporter who delivers it to the mill and the mill
worker who cleans, spins and weaves it into cloth. Discuss with your classmates why each role
matters and what could go wrong if any step is skipped or done out of order. Finally, spot and
correct the errors in this mixed-up sequence: Weaving → Planting → Spinning → Transport →
Picking → Growing → Cleaning → Carding.

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