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    You are facing towards North. Follow these steps:
                                        Move 4 steps forward.
                                        Turn 90° right, move 3 steps forward.

                                        Turn 180° left, move 5 steps forward.
                                        Turn 90° left, move 2 steps forward.

                                       What direction are you facing after following these instructions?
                                               a)  North                                          b)  South

                                               c)  East                                           d)  West

                     FAIRNESS IN AI

                     Fairness in AI means ensuring that decisions made by AI systems are impartial and just, treating
                     everyone equally regardless of their background or personal characteristics. It involves creating
                     systems that give equal opportunities and do not discriminate based on irrelevant factors. Here is
                     how fairness can be achieved:

                      Fairness takes effort: AI doesn’t automatically treat everyone fairly. It takes careful planning
                        to create AI that treats everyone equally, no matter their background. For example, If a school
                        uses AI to select students for a project, the AI should give everyone an equal chance, regardless
                        of gender or background. This ensures fairness.

                      Use diverse and balanced data: AI systems need to be trained with data from a wide range
                        of people and situations. If the data is incomplete or biased, the AI will likely make unfair
                        decisions. For example, If AI is trained only with data from one school, it might not work well
                        for students from other schools. Including diverse data makes sure the AI works fairly for
                        everyone.

                      Regular checks for bias: AI systems must be checked often to ensure they aren’t developing
                        bias. If unfair trends are found, they should be fixed quickly. For example, If a school uses AI
                        to grade assignments, it must be checked regularly to make sure it doesn’t favour certain
                        students. If it does, the system must be updated to ensure fairness.

                      Avoid using sensitive characteristics unfairly: AI should not use sensitive factors like gender,
                        race or background to make decisions. These should never be used to treat people unfairly.
                        For example, In a recruitment system, AI should not use gender or race to decide who gets a

                        job. Everyone should be treated equally.
                      Continuous monitoring: Even after an AI system is set up, it’s important to keep checking
                        it regularly to make sure it stays fair. For example, If a school uses AI to decide who gets to
                        play in the school band, the system should be monitored to ensure it doesn’t favour certain
                        students based on irrelevant factors.

                                                                                       Ethics and AI Bias Awareness    77

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