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     Responsible: This means taking accountability for the decisions AI makes. If an AI system used
                        in schools to grade assignments makes a mistake and grades unfairly, it’s important to know
                        who will fix it. Ethical AI makes sure there is always someone responsible for correcting errors.
     ETHICS AND AI BIAS    Safe: AI systems must not cause harm to anyone. For example, self-driving cars are powered

     AWARENESS          by AI. If the car makes a decision, it must ensure the safety of the driver, pedestrians and
                        everyone around. Ethical AI ensures that the system avoids accidents and protects lives.

                     Ethical AI ensures that the AI systems we use are helpful, safe and fair. It makes sure that AI is not
                     only smart but also responsible, so it doesn’t cause harm to anyone. Let’s look at the importance
                     of ethics in AI:

                      Prediction about disease risk: AI should never make decisions based on race or income.
                        Everyone must be treated fairly, no matter their background. AI should predict health risks
                        using medical information, not unfair factors.

                      Screening  of job applications  by  AI: AI should not  favour certain  groups  of people.  For
                        example, imagine an AI system used to hire people for jobs. It should treat all applicants
                        equally, whether male or female, from any background.

                      Content recommended by algorithms:  Algorithms  should  not  promote  harmful or  false
                        information. For instance, if you use an AI system to recommend videos or articles online,
                        ethical AI ensures it suggests content that is true, helpful and safe for everyone.

                                                                                                     21 st
                                                                                                    Century   #Critical Thinking
                                                                   AI BIAS IN SELECTION             Skills
                                   The school uses an AI system to help select students for a special club, like a science or
                                tech club. The AI looks at things like students' past achievements, grades and interests to
                            decide who should be in the club. The system is designed to choose students based on their skills
                      and interests. However, there's a problem. The data the AI was trained on comes from previous years,
                      where the club mostly selected boys for leadership positions. Over time, this biased data causes the AI
                      to recommend more boys for the club, even when girls have similar or better qualifications.

                      In this case, the AI system is not being fair. It’s treating boys and girls unequally by choosing more boys
                      for the club, even though the girls have the same or better qualifications. The school wants to make
                      sure they select the best students for the club, regardless of gender.

                      Based on the above case answer the following questions:
                      1.  What is the issue with the AI system in this situation?

                      2.  How could this affect the girls who are applying to join the club?

                      3.  What changes can the school make to ensure the AI is fair and treats all students equally?

                                                                                       Ethics and AI Bias Awareness   69

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