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BLOCKCHAIN


                 Blockchain refers to the system of recording information which makes it difficult or impossible to
                 change, hack, or cheat the system. Every business runs on information and blockchain is a shared
                 ledger on which we record the transactions and track assets (tangible or intangible) in a business
                 network. Tangible assets include houses, cars, cash, lands, etc. and non-tangible assets include
                 intellectual property, patents, copyrights, branding, etc.

                 It is a digital ledger of transactions that is duplicated and distributed across the entire network
                 of computers on the blockchain. Each block in a chain may contain the record of the number of
                 transactions made and the occurrence of new transactions. This record of every transaction is
                 updated and added to the participant’s ledger. Anything that carries value can be recorded and
                 tracked and can be traded on a blockchain network.




                           ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE


                 You have already read about artificial intelligence in earlier classes. AI is the branch of computer
                 science that aims at creating expert and intelligent computer systems which simulate certain
                 human qualities such as, learning, reasoning, communicating, seeing, hearing, and sensation.
                 So, AI is used to create intelligent machines that help us. AI is a part of almost everything we use
                 today such as smartphones, cars and banks. Some main areas of application of AI are:

                    Expert System: It can be defined as a communicating
                                                                                                     User
                   computer  program  that  can solve problems  which                               Interface
                   would  otherwise  require  human  assistance.  These                                       User (not
                   programs replicate the reasoning process of experts                             Inference   an expert)
                                                                                                    engine
                   in certain areas. For example, PROSPECTOR was the
                   first expert  system  that  analysed  geological  data to                       Knowledge
                                                                                                     base
                   identify and locate mineral deposits.                       Human    Knowledge
                                                                               expert    engineer
                                                                                                Expert system

                                                Natural Language Processing: It is the study of methods by which
                                               computers can recognize and understand spoken or written human
                                               language.  Speech  recognition  software are an example  of NLP

                  Natural language processing  where computers translate spoken speech into text.
                   Intelligent  Agents: It is a type  of computer program that  has
                   built-in  intelligence  which keeps  a  check  on the  work patterns,
                   asks questions and performs tasks on the behalf of the user. The
                   simplest example of intelligent agents is surfing the Internet. What
                   happens when we search for something on the Internet?
                                                                                                 Intelligent agents



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