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    INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND ITS TYPES
                      Data refers to a collection of facts and information in various forms, such as numbers, text, sound

                      or images. It can be measured, collected and analysed, often visualised with graphs. Raw data is
                      unprocessed and may contain errors, which are corrected during processing.
                      Data is categorised into two types:

                          Structured data: Organised in a specific format, making it easy to search and analyse, often
                         found in relational databases.

                          Unstructured data: Does not follow a specific format, including text documents, images and
                         videos, requiring extra processing to organise and analyse.

                      EXAMPLES OF DATA SCIENCE
                      Here are some examples of data science:

                          Healthcare: Data science helps predict disease outbreaks by
                         analysing  past  data,  environmental  factors  and  population
                         information.  This enables early detection,  quicker responses

                         and resource management.

                                                         Finance: In finance, data science helps with credit scoring. By
                                                        using machine learning, we analyse a person’s financial history,
                                                        job status and income to predict how likely they are to repay
                                                        loans. This helps create more accurate credit scores.

                          Retail: In retail, data science  helps businesses understand
                         customers by analysing their shopping habits, personal details
                         and online behaviour. This allows for personalised offers and
                         recommendations tailored to each customer’s preferences.

                                                         E-commerce: Data science is used to create recommendation
                                                        systems that suggest new products based on user preferences
                                                        and past interactions. This enhances user engagement, boosts

                                                        sales and improves the shopping experience.

                          Entertainment: Data science  is used  to  recommend  films, shows or
                         music by analysing user interactions, preferences and viewing habits.
                         This personalisation increases satisfaction and keeps users engaged.

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