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An octal number is usually written with a subscript 8 to show it is in base 8.
For example: (175)
8
This shows the octal number 175 with the base-8 notation, where 8 denotes that the number is in
the octal system.

HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

The hexadecimal number system is a base‑16 system that uses the digits 0–9 and the letters A–F
(for 10–15). Each digit’s value depends on its position, which is a power of 16. It is widely used in
computing because one hexadecimal digit represents four binary digits, making binary numbers
shorter and easier to read.
The place value of each digit based on powers of 16 is
shown below:
Hexadecimal simplifies large
Position 3 2 1 0 values, commonly used for colour

Power of 16 16 3 16 2 16 1 16 0 codes: Red (#FF0000), Green
Place Value 4096 256 16 1 (#00FF00), Blue (#0000FF).

A hexadecimal number is usually written with a subscript 16 to show it is in base 16.
For example: (2F3) 16
This shows the hexadecimal number 2F3 with the base-16 notation, where 16 denotes that the
number is in the hexadecimal system.

21 st #Collaboration
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING Century #Communication
Skills
In a group, play a game where each participant must explain a number system term without using
the term itself.
(a) For example, one participant might explain binary by saying a system of numbers that only
uses two digits, 0 and 1, while others guess the term.
(b) The game helps students practice number system vocabulary and improve their understanding
of the topic.

CONVERSION OF NUMBER SYSTEMS

Conversion of number systems means changing a number from one base to another, such as
decimal, binary, octal or hexadecimal. Each system has a different base and specific steps are
followed to convert between them.

BINARY TO DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

To convert a binary number to a decimal number, follow these steps:
Step 1 Multiply each digit of the binary number by the corresponding power of 2, starting
from the rightmost digit.

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Number System