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    BRIDGE BACK
                        1.  How do you think your teacher (or school administration) should store and access your marks and
                           other academic data?

                        2.  Does your local grocery shopkeeper maintain any record of their inventory, sales or customer
                           preferences? If so, what methods might they be using? Discuss.

                      In the  past,  databases  were managed  manually on  paper.  This  was  time-consuming  and
                      error-prone. As the need for handling more complex data grew, businesses and organisations
                      shifted  to  Relational  Database  Management  Systems  (RDBMS)  like  MySQL, PostgreSQL  and

                      Oracle. These systems offer several advantages over traditional manual methods.

                             DATA AND INFORMATION

                      Data includes raw facts, figures or symbols that are yet to be processed into meaningful information.
                      Data can exist in various forms, including numbers, text, images, audio, video or observations.

                      Information is  processed  and  organised  data  that  becomes  meaningful  and  useful  for
                      decision-making, trend analysis or learning.

                                                   Roll No.  Computer
                                  Roll No.  Student Name  106  86                          Roll No.  Student Name  Maths Science English Computer
                                  101   Aarav Sharma  103  78                              101  Aarav Sharma  85  90  88  85
                                                   101   85                                102  Riya Patel  78  82  80  98
                                  105   Arjun Reddy  105  81                               103  Saanvi Iyer  92  88  91  78
                         Roll No.   Science        102   98                                104  Meera Deshmukh 70  75  72  79
                                  102   Riya Patel                                         105  Arjun Reddy  88  84  86  81
                         101  90                   104   79                                106  Kavya Menon  80  85  79  86
                         105  84  104   Meera Deshmukh
                         102  82
                                  103   Saanvi Iyer
                         106  85
                         103  88  106   Kavya Menon
                         104  75
                                    Data                              Process                    Information

                             INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE

                      A  database is defined as an organised  collection  of data  that  is stored  and accessed
                      electronically. With the help of a database, data can be stored, modified and retrieved. It acts as
                      a container for information that can be efficiently managed.

                      NEED FOR A DATABASE

                      Data is important today, but without proper systems, it may become inconsistent or get duplicated.
                      A database keeps data organised and centralised making it accessible, secure and consistent.

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