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Time, Speed and Distance are major concepts in Science.
Time and Distance are widely used for questions relating to topics like circular motion, boats and
streams, motion in a straight line, clocks, races, etc.
Speed
Speed is a concept that measures how slow or fast an object travels. It is defined as the distance
travelled by an object in a specific time.
Relationship between Time Speed and Distance
Speed of an object is calculated by the distance travelled by an object divided by the time taken to
cover the distance.
Speed= Distance/ Time
From the given formula, Speed is directly proportional to Distance and inversely proportional to
Time.
Units of Time, Speed and Distance
Speed, Distance and Time has different units for their measurements:
Time: seconds(s), minutes (min), hours (hr)
Distance: meters (m), kilometers (km), miles, feet
Speed: m/s, km/hr
If unit of distance and time are known, then unit of speed can be derived easily. Conversions of the
units of speed:
l To change between km/hour to m/sec, we multiply by 5/18. So, 1 km/hour = 5/18 m/sec
l To change between m/sec to km / hour, we multiply by 18/5. So, 1m /sec = 18/5 km/hour = 3.6 km/hour
Average Speed
The average speed is the total distance travelled by the object in a particular time period.
Total Distance Travelled
Average Speed =
Total Time Taken
Basic Mathematical Operators
Following are the basic mathematical operators used to calculate distance, time and speed:
1. Addition
Addition operator is used to perform mathematical addition of two variables. In programming, we
refer to “+” as a symbol of addition. Please note that addition can only be carried out on Integer,
Float, Double and String data types.
Example: print (10+5) 15
Exploring Science with Coding-1 99

