Page 402 - Computer Science Class 11 Without Functions
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✥ myDict.keys(): The method keys() returns a dict_keys object comprising all the keys included in the dictionary.
✥ myDict.update(): The method update() adds all key-value pairs of another dictionary in an existing dictionary.
✥ myDict.values():The method values() returns a dict_values object comprising all the values included in the dictionary.
✥ Nested Dictionary: A nested dictionary is a dictionary that contains one or more dictionaries as values.
✥ Nested Lists: A list that includes lists as its elements is called a nested list.
✥ Nested Loops: When a loop appears within another loop, it is called a nested loop.
✥ Operating System: An operating system provides an interface between the users of a computer and the computer hardware
so that they can operate the computer.
✥ Operators: An operator is used to perform a specific operation on an object or objects, also known as operands.
✥ Output Devices: The output devices receive data from a computer and deliver the desired output on a suitable device for a
user.
✥ Patent: A patent is a property right that an autonomous body (or a sovereign state) grants to the inventor for a specific
amount of time.
✥ Plagiarism: When someone passes off the words, ideas, or expressions of another author as their own, it is an act of plagiarism.
✥ Primary memory: Primary memory is used to store data and instructions to be processed by the CPU.
✥ Program(code): A sequence of instructions in a programming language for solving a problem.
✥ Pseudocode: It describes an algorithm using constructs similar to a programming language but not specific to any programming
language.
✥ Python Module: A Python program file is called a Python module.
✥ Python Shell: The interactive interpreter is also known as the Python Shell.
✥ Random Access Memory (RAM): RAM is a random access memory in which data can be read from and written onto any
random memory location.
✥ Ransomware: It is a type of malicious software that holds data or devices hostage for a ransom.
✥ Read Only Memory (ROM): ROM is a non-volatile memory that stores the data permanently
✥ Relational Operators: A relational operator is used to compare the values of operands on either side.
✥ Sequential Flow: In a sequential flow, the statements are executed sequentially, one after the other.
✥ Set: A set is an unordered and unindexed collection of data items separated by a comma and enclosed within curly brackets:{}.
✥ Software: A set of programs that performs a useful task is called software.
✥ sorted(): The method sorted() is used to sort the dictionary by the keys or by the values.
✥ source code: A program written in a high-level programming language is called the source code.
✥ Spam: Spam is unsolicited junk mail that is typically sent in bulk for advertising purposes.
✥ String (str): A string refers to a sequence of characters.
✥ sum(lst [,num]) function: The sum() function returns the sum of the elements of a list.
✥ Tokens: A statement in Python is a sequence of its lexical components, called tokens, such as numbers, parentheses, and
commas.
✥ Trademark Infringement: Unauthorised use of a brand or service mark is known as trademark infringement.
✥ Trademark: A trademark is a distinctive symbol, pattern, or phrase that sets one source’s goods and services apart from those
of other sources.
✥ Trojan Horse: A Trojan horse is malware that presents itself as desirable and helpful program but actually causes harm to the
system. Trojan horse makes a backdoor entry into the system that hackers can use to get into the system.
✥ Tuples (tuple): A tuple is a sequence of objects (not necessarily of the same type) enclosed in parenthesis: ().
✥ Viruses: A virus is a piece of software code that can damage your system by replacing or messing up the system files.
✥ Worms: A worm is a malicious program that replicates itself. So, a networked device could have several copies of a worm
infecting many files.
400 Touchpad Computer Science-XI

