Page 29 - Computer Science Class 11 Without Functions
P. 29

(x)  Compiler, Interpreter
                  (xi)  Word processor, Spreadsheet
               2.  Expand the following:
                   RAM, OMR, CUI, ALU
             Ans:  Random Access Memory
                  Optical Mark Reader
                  Command-Based User Interface
                  Arithmetic and Logic Unit
               3.  Differentiate between the following:
                  (i)   RAM and ROM
                  (ii)  Data Bus and Address Bus
                  (iii)  Compiler and Interpreter
                  (iv)  CUI and GUI

             Ans:  (i)   RAM and ROM
                      RAM:
                        Random Access Memory
                        Volatile
                        Read/Write Memory
                      ROM:
                        Read-Only Memory
                        Non-volatile
                        Stores instructions that are to be rarely changed
                  (ii)  Data Bus and Address Bus
                      Data Bus
                        Used to transfer data between different components of the CPU.
                      Address Bus
                        Used to transfer addresses of memory locations from where the CPU has to read or write data.
                  (iii)  Compiler and Interpreter
                      Compiler
                        Translates the program written in a high-level language to machine code in one go.
                        All errors in a program are reported along with line numbers.
                        Once the program is translated into machine code; the compiler is not needed to execute the program.
                      Interpreter
                        Translates the program written in a high-level language to machine code line by line.
                        The interpreter moves to the next line only if it is able to process the current line successfully.
                  (iv)  CUI and GUI
                      GUI
                        Graphical User Interface
                        Consists of menus, icons and other such visual components
                        Uses keyboard and mouse to give input
                        Example - Microsoft Windows
                      CUI
                        Command Based User Interface
                        The user interacts with the computer system by typing commands
                        Uses keyboard to give input
                        Example- MS-DOS and Unix



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