Page 36 - CA_Blue( J )_Class10
P. 36

IMPORTANT RANGES OF ASCII CODE
                                                    A to Z                 65 to 90
                                                    a to z                97 to 122
                                                    0 to 9                 48 to 57

              There is one more version of the ASCII standard, which is known as Extended ASCII. It uses 8-bit numeric codes to
              represent different character ranges from 0–256 characters.

                     Note: Open the notepad and press the Number keys: 6 and 5 while pressing the Alt key down, you
                     will see that the characters 'A' is written. Similarly, you can check other codes.

              3.2.2 Unicode
              Unicode (Universal Character Encoding Standard) earlier known as Universal Coded Character that defines the way
              individual characters are represented in different types of documents such as text files, web pages, and other types of
              documents. It supports a large number of characters from various languages like Hindi, English, French, etc. from all
              around the world. Unlike ASCII and Extended ASCII encoding techniques, Unicode supports 8-bit to 32-bit encoding
              mechanisms to represent character ranges from 0 to 1,000,000 characters. It represents characters in the form of 4
              digit hexadecimal code preceded by '\u' (an escape sequence character). For example, the character 'A' is represented
              as "\u0041". Some of the codes of different languages' characters are as follows:

                                              Character                        Unicode
                                   ल (Hindi Language Letter La)                \u0932
                                   प (Hindi Language Letter Pa)                \u092A
                                   € (Euro sign)                               \u20AC
                                   க (Tamil Language Letter Ka)                \u0B95

              If you simply use these Unicode value in a Java statement like given below:
                 System.out.println("\u0932");
                 System.out.println("\u092A");
                 System.out.println("\u20AC");
                 System.out.println("\u0B95");
              You will get the following output:











              3.2.3 Difference between ASCII and Unicode
                                      ASCII                                             UNICODE
                                                                                                               21
               Standard ASCII character set only supports 128 characters  Unicode supports a wide range of characters (0–2 ).
               (character range whose numeric value is between 0–127).
               ASCII only uses one byte to represent each character.  Unicode supports up to 4 bytes for each character.
               The ASCII code requires less space.                 The Unicode requires more space.


                   3.3 ESCAPE SEQUENCES
              A non-graphical character that is preceded by a backslash (\) and has a special meaning for the compiler is known as an
              escape sequence character. Java has a total of 8 escape sequence characters. They are used to perform specific tasks
              and are valid character literals.


                3434  Touchpad Computer Applications-X
   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41