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09
NESTED LOOP
Learning Objectives
9.1 Nested for Loop 9.2 Nested while Loop
9.3 Nested do-while Loop 9.4 Using the break Statement in Nested Loop
9.5 Using the continue Statement in Nested Loop 9.6 Pattern Programs using Nested Loop
In the previous chapter, we studied looping statements. As you know that a loop is used to execute a set of statements
repeatedly until a condition evaluates to true. But sometime you may need to execute a loop multiple times. To solve
this type of problem, you need to write a loop inside another loop. A loop inside another loop is called a nested loop.
All the three loops (for, while and do-while) provided by Java can be used as a nested loop. Syntax to use nested loop is:
Outer loop structure starting
{
Inner loop structure starting
{
Statements inside inner loop
}
Statements inside outer loop
}
When two loops are nested, the inner loop depends on the outer loop for its execution which means if the test condition
provided in the outer loop does not evaluate to true, then the inner loop will not execute. If the test condition provided
in the outer loop evaluates to true, then the test condition provided in the inner will be checked and if it is evaluated
to true, then the inner loop will execute until the test condition becomes false. For each iteration of the outer loop, the
inner loop will execute until its test condition becomes false. Let us study nested loops in detail.
9.1 NESTED FOR LOOP
A nested loop in Java refers to a loop that is contained within another loop. The inner loop executes entirely for each
iteration of the outer loop. This type of loop is useful when you need to work with multidimensional data or perform
repetitive tasks for a number of elements across multiple dimensions (such as rows and columns in a matrix or table).
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