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•  Exit Controlled Loop: If the testing condition is checked after executing the body of the loop, then it is called exit
                   controlled loop. Example of exit controlled loop is do-while.


                     8.3 THE FOR LOOP
                 The for loop executes a set of statements repeatedly for a fixed number of times. To use this loop, the user knows how
                 many times the loop will execute. The syntax of the for loop is:

                  for (initialization; condition for testing; increment or decrement)
                  {
                      // job performed by the body of the loop
                  }
                                                                 Start



                                                             Initialization




                                                 false         Conditional
                                                               expression


                                                                     true               Increment/
                                                                                        decrement
                                                            Body of for loop
                                          End
                                                            Flowchart of the for loop
                 Example: Print all the even numbers upto 10.

                  for (int i=2; i<=10; i=i+2)
                  {                                                                        Dry Run & Output
                      System.out.println(i);                                      i             System.out.println(i)
                  }                                                               2                    2
                 As the for loop checks the condition before executing the body of   4                 4
                 loop, so it is entry controlled loop.
                                                                                  6                    6
                 Java also  allows us to use multiple  loop  control  variables, test   8              8
                 conditions and increment or decrement expressions in the for loop.   10               10
                 The syntax is:
                      for (initialization1, initialization2 …; condition1…, condition2… ; increment… /
                    decrement…)
                    {
                      statements;
                    }

                     8.4 THE WHILE LOOP
                 Sometimes, we may need to execute a set of statements repeatedly without knowing the number of times the loop will
                 execute. The while loop solves this problem. It is used to execute a set of statements repeatedly unless the specified
                 condition becomes false. The syntax of the while loop is:

                  initialization;
                  while(condition for testing)
                  {


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                                                                                              Iterative constructs in Java  155
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