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• int: The int data type is a 32-bit signed integer or equal to 4 bytes, which has a minimum value of -2 and the
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maximum value of 2 -1. The latest version of Java can use the int data type to represent an unsigned 32-bit integer,
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which has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 2 -1. The default value of the int data type is 0. For
example:
int a = 100000;
int b = -200000;
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• long: The long data type is a 64-bit integer or equal to 8 bytes. The signed long has a minimum value of -2 and a
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maximum value of 2 -1. The latest version of Java can use the long data type to represent an unsigned 64-bit long,
which has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 2 -1. The default value of int data type is 0L. For example:
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long a = 100000L;
long b = -200000L;
Type Size Default value Range of values that can be stored Format
byte 1 byte 0 −128 to 127 byte b=10
short 2 bytes 0 −32768 to 32767 short s=1234
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int 4 bytes 0 -2 to 2 -1 int i = 123456
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long 8 bytes 0L -2 to 2 -1 long l=123456L
Floating-Point Type
Floating-point types represent numbers with a fractional part such as 3.4 or 56.2. There are two types of floating-point
data types which are:
• float: The float data type is a single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754* floating-point or equal to 4 bytes. The float data type
can store fractional numbers from 3.4e−038 to 3.4e+038 i.e. values up to 7 decimal digits. Note that you should end
the value with an "f":
float a=4.64f;
float b=34.6789f;
• double: The double data type is a double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754* floating-point or equal to 8 bytes. For decimal
values, this data type is generally the default choice. The double data type can store fractional numbers from
1.7e−308 to 1.7e+308 i.e. values up to 16 decimal digits:
double a = 24.23341;
double b = 434.211549261;
Type Size Default value Range of values that can be stored Format
float 4 bytes 0.0f 3.4e−038 to 3.4e+038 float a=10.67f
double 8 bytes 0.0 or 0.0d 1.7e−308 to 1.7e+308 double b=1234.87674
Note: The IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754) is a technical standard for floating-
point arithmetic established in 1985 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Character Type
The character data type is char. The char data type stores character constants in the memory. It is a single 16-bit
Unicode character. It assumes a size of 2 bytes, but basically, it can hold only a single character because char stores
Unicode character sets. It has a minimum value of '\u0000' (or 0) and a maximum value of '\uffff' (65,535). The default
value of the char data type is '\u0000'.
Why the size of char is 2 bytes in Java?
Java uses Unicode system not ASCII code system and to represent Unicode system 8-bits is not enough to represent all
characters so Java uses 16-bits or 2 bytes for characters.
Type Size Default value Range of values that can be stored Format
char 2 bytes \u0000 '\u0000' (or 0) to '\uffff' (or 65,535). char c='a';
char d= '\u0041';
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Values and Data Types 41

