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01 INTRODUCTION TO
OBJECT-ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS
Learning Objectives
1.1 Computer Language 1.2 Programming Paradigms
1.3 Difference between POP and OOP 1.4 Principles of Object-Oriented Programming
1.5 Definitions related to the Chapter
A language is a medium through which we can communicate with each other. People need a common language in
which they can talk to each other. In the same way, to interact with a computer, we need a language that the computer
can understand. Hence, we need to learn about different computer languages.
1.1 COMPUTER LANGUAGE Definition
A computer language can be defined as a set of codes and symbols that
are used to write computer programs. It is also known as a programming A computer language is a set of
language. The instructions and data are transmitted to the computer using rules and symbols used to write
computer language. A program is a set of statements used to perform a instructions that a computer can
specific task. There are mainly two types of computer languages: understand and execute. It allows
• Low-level language humans to communicate with
• High-level language computers and create programs.
1.1.1 Low-Level Language (LLL)
A low-level language is a programming language that is machine-dependent. A machine-dependent language runs only
on a particular type of computer. The programs written in these programming languages are not easily portable to other
types of computers. Some of the popular low-level languages are assembly language and machine language.
1.1.2 High-Level Language (HLL)
A high-level language is a programming language that enables a programmer to write programs that are
machine-independent. This type of language is considered a high-level language because it is closer to human language
and away from machine language. The main advantage of high-level languages over low-level languages is that they
are easier to read, write and maintain. Some examples of high-level languages are C++, Java, and C#.
1.2 PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS
A programming paradigm is a way of programming. There are mainly two types of programming paradigms which are
Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP) and Object-Oriented Programming (OOP).
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Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Concepts 13

