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Literals in Java are values that are assigned to a variable. They are used by programmers and can be of any data type.
Literals are also called constants. For example, int a=20; (Here, 20 is a literal). There are six different types of literals.
LITERALS
Integer Floating Point Character String Boolean Null
Literals Literals Literals Literals Literals Literals
Integer Literals
Integer literals are whole numbers that do not contain a decimal point. They may be positive or negative value.
There are of four different types of integer literals: Decimal integer literal, Binary integer literals, Octal integer
literals and Hexadecimal integer literals. For example: 10101, 27, 0xA2. (Here, 0x is used for numbers representing
Hexadecimal integer literals).
Floating Point Literals
Floating point literals are real numbers or numbers with decimal points. They may be positive or negative value.
They can only be specified in decimal forms and not in octal or hexadecimal form. For example, 2.5, 0.235, 1.0E-3,
3f (where f is used, to take float value and decimal numbers without f values are considered double).
Character Literals
Character literals are Alphanumeric in nature. There are four types of character literals:
• Single Character: A single alphanumeric character enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'A', '7').
• Character as an Integral Literal: An integer value representing a character, such as 062 for the character 'C'
(using its ASCII value).
• Unicode Representation: Characters can also be represented by Unicode escape sequences (e.g., '\u0061' for
the character 'a').
• Escape Sequences: Special characters such as newline ('\n'), tab ('\t'), and others are also valid character
literals
String Literals
String literals are any sequence of characters enclosed in double quote. For example, “India”, “Computer Application
of class 10”.
Boolean Literals
Boolean literals represent truth values and can be either true or false.
Null Literals
The null literal represents the absence of a value and can only be assigned to reference types (objects). It cannot
be assigned to primitive types (such as int, float, etc.). For example, String s= null;
Program 12 Write a program to show the use of different literals.
1 public class literals
2 {
3 public static void main()
Values and Types 63

