Page 252 - ComputerScience_Class_11

c. The function takes the values as parameters and returns a value as well.
For example,
class average_number
{
double average(int n)
{
int i, s=0, c=0;
double avg;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{

if(i%2==1)
{
continue;
}
s=s+i;
c++;
}
avg=s/c;
return avg;
}

void main(String[] args)
{
double avg= average(10);
System.out.println("Average of even numbers "+ avg);
}
}
In the above program, the method double average(int n) takes a value in ‘n’ as a parameter and also returns a double
type value to the caller method containing the average of all the even numbers up to 10.

9.6 CALLING A METHOD
In Java, the behavior of primitive arguments when passed to methods is different from object arguments due to Java’s
handling of pass-by-value. Understanding how primitive arguments behave can help avoid common mistakes in code.

After declaring and defining a method, we must call it or invoke it so that the job assigned to the method (statements
provided in the method) can be executed. To do so, there are two different ways, namely,
• Pass by value
• Pass by reference
Let us study these in detail:

9.6.1 Pass by Value
The copy of the actual parameters is passed to the formal parameters in such a way that any change made to the formal
parameters will not affect the actual parameters. This technique is referred to as the pass-by value. The primitive data
members are sent as parameters in pass-by value.
For example,

Program 4 Write a program that takes numbers as input and calculates the sum of the digits in the
number and returns the sum to the caller method.
1 class PassValue
2 {

250 Touchpad Computer Science (Ver. 3.0)-XI