Page 519 - ComputerScience_Class_11

SCOPE OF VARIABLES
In Python, the scope of a variable refers to the part of the program where the variable is accessible. The two main types
of variable scope are local scope and global scope. Understanding these concepts is crucial for managing variables
effectively and ensuring that your code behaves as expected.

Local Variables
A local variable is a variable that is defined inside a function and can only be accessed within that function. It is
not accessible outside the function. Local variables are created when the function is called and destroyed when the
function finishes executing.
Syntax of a local variable:

def function_name():
local_variable = value # Local variable inside the function
# Code using the local variable
Where:
• local_variable is the variable defined inside the function.

Program 4: Write a program to calculate the sum of even numbers within a given range using local variables.

Program 4.py
File Edit Format Run Options Window Help

def sum_even(start, end):
even_sum = 0 # Local variable for sum of even numbers

for num in range(start, end + 1):
if num % 2 == 0:
even_sum += num

print("Sum of even numbers:", even_sum)

sum_even(1, 10)

Output

Sum of even numbers: 30

Global Variables
A global variable is a variable that is defined outside any function and can be accessed from any part of the program,
including inside functions. Global variables are created when the program starts and exist until the program ends.
Syntax of a global variable:

global_variable = value # Global variable defined outside the function
def function_name():
# Code using the global variable
Where:
• global_variable is defined outside any function and can be accessed anywhere in the program.

For Advance Learners: Functions in Python 517