Page 86 - Computer Genius Class 04
P. 86

Since ancient times, humans have innovated machines to make life easier. However, they
                  reached a stage where machines needed brains to perform tasks, sparking a revolutionary
                  idea for thinking machines. Let us look at some of the achievements of the last century.

                  Developments in AI

                  The journey to understand if machines could truly think began much before John McCarthy’s
                  first academic conference. Five years later, Alan Turing wrote a paper on the notion of

                  machines being able to simulate human beings and the ability to do intelligent things, such
                  as playing chess. Let us take a look at some of the milestones in the previous century.
                  1950 – 1960

                  In this decade, 2 major contributions were observed. In 1950, Alan Turing submitted a
                  paper about the possibility of creating a machine that could think. This became a test for

                  machines to check the thinking capability of a machine. One of the greatest achievements
                  of Alan Turing is the creation of The Bombe, a machine that could decode the encoded
                  messages.



























                      The Bombe was a code breaking machine that was developed to decode encrypted
                      codes from German Enigma machine during the World War II.





                  In  1956,  John  McCarthy  coined  the  term  Artificial
                  Intelligence  in  a  conference  held  at  Dartmouth
                  College. He created the programming language LISP
                  in  1958 which  was  extensively  used  to  program  AI
                  systems.







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