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Page 10 - Cyber Safety C-8
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    “This chapter explains the digital world and the basics of cybersecurity.
                                           It shows how cybersecurity protects us and highlights common threats
                                             with real examples. Further the chapter explains safe online habits
                                                      and understand why cybersecurity is important.”

                      UNDERSTANDING THE DIGITAL WORLD

                      To understand the importance of cybersecurity, we must first understand how deeply the digital
                      world is integrated into human life. Over the last two decades, a global shift has occurred from
                      offline to online systems. Activities that previously required physical presence, such as banking,
                      shopping,  education,  entertainment,  and communication,  have migrated  to  digital  platforms.

                      This transformation has created a new socio-technical ecosystem where humans interact with
                      machines, networks, and algorithms continuously.

                      Dependence on Online Platforms

                      Today’s digital dependence is visible across all age groups. Students rely on online platforms for
                      assignments, virtual classrooms, digital libraries, and communication tools. Working professionals
                      depend on cloud-based services, online meetings, and digital document storage. Families use
                      digital payments, online shopping, social media, and entertainment services daily.

                      This dependence creates a digital footprint, a continuous trail of data representing a person’s
                      online activities.  This footprint  includes  search history,  location  data,  photos,  biometric
                      information, transaction details, and social interactions. Cybercriminals target this data because
                      it has economic value and can be exploited for identity theft, fraud, harassment, or manipulation.

                      CYBERSECURITY

                      Cybersecurity refers to the collection of technologies, processes, and practices designed to protect
                      digital systems, networks, programs, and data from cyber attacks. As defined by ISO/IEC 27032,
                      it encompasses measures to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information in
                      cyberspace.

                      Good cybersecurity reduces the risk of family personal information falling into the wrong hands.
                      It is important to implement security measures to safeguard devices.

                      Core Principles: The CIA Triad

                      The foundation of cybersecurity rests on three principles commonly known as the CIA Triad. These
                      principles are:

                          Confidentiality: Ensuring that  information  is  accessed  only  by  authorised  individuals.
                         Techniques include encryption, password protection, and access control.

                        8   Computer Science - VIII

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