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As daily activities increasingly depend on online platforms, large amounts of data are now stored
in the cloud instead of a single local computer. The cloud refers to a vast network of powerful
remote servers operated by service providers such as Google, Amazon and Microsoft. Schools
and businesses rely on cloud platforms like Google Drive for file storage and collaboration and
many personal files, including family photos, are stored on cloud services such as iCloud.

This shift to cloud storage offers convenience, scalability and easy access, but also introduces
significant security challenges. Cloud security focuses on protecting data stored in remote
servers, preventing unauthorised access, securing data during transfer and ensuring strong

identity and access management. With the growing volume of sensitive information stored
online, safeguarding cloud environments through encryption, multi-factor authentication, regular
updates and continuous monitoring has become a top priority for maintaining safety and trust in
digital systems.

Cybersecurity for Smart Cities

Cities are rapidly adopting smart technologies to
improve efficiency and public services. In places
such as Delhi and Bengaluru, automated traffic
lights, interconnected CCTV cameras, digital
payment platforms and sensor-based systems

are becoming part of everyday urban life. These
technologies help manage transportation, safety
and public utilities more effectively. However,
increased connectivity also expands the risk of
cyberattacks. If an attacker gained control of traffic
management systems, surveillance networks or
metro payment platforms, the resulting disruption

could affect millions of people.

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