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An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions in a sequential manner to solve a problem. A flowchart
is a pictorial representation of an algorithm. A flowchart uses special symbols to represent each step. An
algorithm and a flowchart are the base to write a program. Algorithmic intelligence is when computers
use rules and data to make decisions, solve problems, or learn from patterns. Let us learn more about
algorithmic intelligence and making programs.
Information Processing
Information is the result of processed data. Raw data
Monarch butterflies migrate thou-
is collected, filtered, sorted, processed, analysed,
sands of miles by using environmental
stored, and then presented in a readable format, cues and internal compasses, similar
known as information. Information processing to navigation algorithms that use data
involves acquiring, storing, analysing, retrieving, and maps to find optimal routes.
and displaying data. Just like a computer, our
brain acquires, processes, and stores information.
Effective information processing is crucial for
writing an algorithm. The left and right brain of an human process the data as follows:
Left Brain Right Brain
Right side control Left side control
- Number skills - 3D shapes
- Math/Scientific skills - Music/Art awareness
- Written language - Intuition
- Spoken language - Creativity
- Objectivity - Imagination
- Analytical - Subjectivity
- Logic - Synthesising
- Reasoning - Emotion
- Face recognition
Binary Representation of Information
Binary code is the most basic form of data that a computer can directly interpret. Computers use
binary code, composed of 1s and 0s, to store and process data. These 1s and 0s represent electrical
signals: ON for 1 and OFF for 0. For instance, the number 5 is stored as 0101 in binary.
Binary numbers can also represent text characters through the American Standard Code for
Information Interchange (ASCII). For example, the binary code for the ASCII uppercase letter 'A'
is 1000001.
ASCII is made up of 128 symbols in the character set. These symbols consist
of letters (both uppercase and lowercase), numbers, punctuation marks, special
characters and control characters.
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