Page 103 - Ganit Kaushal

Data Handling

4 and Presentation

4.1 INTRODUCTION
Learning Outcomes
In today’s world, we encounter data everywhere: the By the end of this chapter, students will be able to:
number of students in your class, the marks obtained in
exams, or even the scores of your favourite cricket team. • Understand the concept of data and its importance
‘Any collection of facts, numbers, measures, observations, in daily life.
or other descriptions of things under investigation that • Collect data and organise it systematically in tables.
convey information about those things is called data.’ • Represent data using pictographs and bar graphs.
But what do we do with this data? How can we make • Interpret data from various visual representations.
sense of it and use it to understand things better? This • Solve real-life problems using data handling
is where data handling comes into play. Data handling techniques.
is the process of collecting, organising, and presenting this information in a way that is easy to understand
and use. It plays a crucial role in aiding our decision-making, problem-solving, and effective communication.

4.2 COLLECTING and ORGANISING DATA

In data handling, the information we collect can be categorised into two types: Primary Data and Secondary
Data. Let’s understand what these terms mean.

Primary Data

Primary data is the information that you collect directly through your efforts and observations. This type of data
is gathered first-hand, meaning you are the one who personally collects it. Primary data is usually collected
for a specific purpose or project.
For example: Navya decided to visit each of the 30 students in her class and ask about their favourite games.
Then, she prepared a list of the collected data. Navya is showing the list:

1. Tamim – Cricket 11. Pushkal – Pittu 21. Anaya – Kabaddi
2. Simran – Kabaddi 12. Densy – Badminton 22. Jivisha – Pittu
3. Nand – Pittu 13. Jivika – Pittu 23. Rajesh – Football
4. Ankita – Kabaddi 14. Leela – Hockey 24. Thara – Football
5. Imon – Hockey 15. Afshan – Hockey 25. Soumya – Cricket
6. Yuvraj – Cricket 16. Keerat – Cricket 26. Navjot – Hockey
7. Rehana – Hockey 17. Gurpreet – Hockey 27. Hemal – Pittu
8. Aparna – Badminton 18. Arsh – Kabaddi 28. Debabrata – Football
9. Kompal – Football 19. Bhavya – Cricket 29. Ananya – Hockey
10. Joolie – Hockey 20. Sarah – Kabaddi 30. Hardik – Cricket
The data provided in the table above is an example of primary data because it was collected directly by Navya
herself after she asked each student in her class.

101