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Unit-2 Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced)dvanced)
U U U U nit-2 E lectronic Spreadsheet ( A
Unit-3 Database Management System
lectronic Spreadsheet (
DATABASE MANAGEMENT 4
It is often said, "Information is Power". The database concept has evolved since the 1960s to
ease various issues in designing, building, and maintaining complex information systems
manually Earlier all bits of information like employee details stock details or payment details were
maintained in files Now the computerised systems use database programs such as Microsoft
ccess OpenO ce ase and MyS to organise the data as per o cial needs.
DATABASE
A database is defined as an organised collection of data that can be visualised as a container
of information. The data is processed and interpreted according to its real aspects to support
processes that re uire this information. ith the help of database data can be stored modified
and retrieved.
ccording to the merican National Standards Institute NSI data means the
Data representation of facts, concepts or instructions in a formalised manner which is
suitable for interpretation or processing by human or by automatic means.
It is a meaningful and useful form obtained after processing the data. Hence, it can
Information
be defined as a set of organised data.
It is the act of understanding the context in which the data has been produced or the
Knowledge
information has been used. It can be based on learning through information.
In the beginning, a lot of problems occurred in gathering, organising, retrieving, storing, and
securing the data. Hence, there was a need for proper storage of data and to handle and manage
the data in an e cient manner. his led to the maintenance and collection of related and ordered
data in such a way that the information gathered from it could be accessed quickly and easily.
Such assembled data resulted into organised database . atabase is a collection of logically
related data that allows easy and e cient storage retrieval and manipulation of data.
he main difference between modern databases and the conventional method of storing the data
i.e. old paper based data lies in the ability to retrieve and manipulate data. atabase constitutes
the most important component of information system. Data is the basic source of an information.
Owing to the rapid growth of I.T. in the last few decades, organisations and institutions have
realised the value of database, as a resource and the importance with which this resource can be
managed and manipulated.
Database Management 237

