Page 77 - IT 402 v2.0 class 10
P. 77
. rite short notes on:
i. Operating System ii. eal-time OS
iii. Open Source OS iv. esktop
v. askbar vi. evice river
Ans. i. An operating system refers to the set of programs that provide an interface to use the resources of the computer
system effectively and e ciently. It gets executed automatically as soon as the computer is switched ON. It
coordinates the resources of hardware software and human ware. xamples of OS are MS- OS indows nix
inux etc.
ii. It is a special type of OS that processes instructions and produces a response within a specified time. xamples
of eal-time OS are M ra c Signal etc.
iii. It refers to an operating system in which the programming code is available for free. nyone can use it and add
features to it to enhance its functionality to suit their needs. One can also re-design it and distribute or release
the developed version to others. n example is inux Operating System.
iv. hen a user switches on a graphical user interface OS a graphical screen opens up with some icons and
pictures. his screen is called desktop.
v. It is a thin strip-like bar that lies at the bottom of the desktop screen. It is used as a link to open and close
programs and it also allows the user to access or switch between the open applications or programs. It contains
a System ray a uick aunch oolbar and the Start Main menu button.
vi. It refers to a form of software that enables a hardware device to be compatible with the computer. It activates
the specific hardware device that can be easily interpreted by the resources. evice drivers are OS and
hardware dependent computer programs and may automatically get activated whenever that hardware
device is attached to the computer. hey are provided by the device manufacturers along with the hardware
device.
. efine the basic components of interface screen.
ns. enerally an opened window screen of a program or application or tool consists of different sections like itle ar
Frame Menu ar Status ar Scroll ars orkspace etc. asic components of interface screen are as follows:
Minimise: It is used to reduce the si e of an opened screen and appears as a small button in the panel.
Maximise: It enlarges the si e of the screen so that it takes up the entire desktop area. o maximise the half
opened screen click on the Maximise button.
Restore: hen window is in a maximised position the Maximi e button changes to estore button. It is used
to bring the window to its original si e.
Close: It closes the opened application window.
Menu Bar: he menu bar lies below the itle ar . he menu bar contains menus. ach menu consists of
different options which are linked to different functions.
Frame (Border): Frame is a movable resi able box towards outermost part of the window screen. he user can
easily resi e a window screen by stretching its border and ad usting it as per the re uirement.
Workspace: It is the area on the document window where a user works. One can type in text or insert
graphics.
Status Bar: It lies at the bottom of the opened screen. It displays various information like position of the cursor
current page number number of items files folders etc.
Scroll Bar: In the screen of many applications there is Scroll ar towards the right and bottom side of the
window that helps in moving the content towards up-down or right-left of a page respectively.
Information Technology and Communication 5

