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N ot e s
Data type may vary depending on the database. For example, MySQL supports INT but Oracle supports
Data type may vary depending on the database. For example, MySQL supports INT but Oracle supports
depending on the database.
For example, MySQL supports INT but Oracle supports
Data type may vary
NUMBER for integer values.
NUMBER for integer values.
Some of the data types in SQL are listed below:
DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION
INTEGER Integer number no decimal
n haracter string with fixed length of n.
n Character string with variable length of n.
IM p s Where ‘p’ is precision value and ‘s’ is scale value.
DATE Stores YY/MM/DD values.
F O p Where ‘p’ is precision value
TIME Stores hour, minute and second values.
TIMESTAMP Stores year, month, day, hour, minute and second values.
S erators
SQL statements consist of reserved words or characters used to perform arithmetical operations, comparisons,
etc. These reserved words or characters are called as ‘Operators’.
The three types of operators in SQL are:
S rit metic erators
OPERATORS DESCRIPTION
‘+’ Performs addition.
‘-’ Performs subtraction.
‘*’ Performs multiplication.
‘/’ Performs division.
‘%’ Divides left-hand operand by right-hand operand and returns remainder
S om arison erators
Consider the value of a=25 and b=75 to understand examples in the following table.
OPERATORS DESCRIPTION MP
Checks if value of ‘a’ is equal to value of ‘b’. If yes,
‘=’ a b is false.
condition becomes true, else false.
Checks if value of ‘a’ is not equal to value of ‘b’. If yes,
‘!=’ a b is true.
condition becomes true, else false.
Checks if value of ‘a’ is equal to value of ‘b’ or not. If yes,
‘<>’ a b is true.
condition becomes true, else false.
Checks if value of ‘a’ is greater than value of ‘b’. If yes,
‘>’ a b is false.
condition becomes true, else false.
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