Page 6 - IT 402 v2.0 class 10
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INSIDE THE SERIES
The key features of the series have been designed to ensure better learning, assessment, and evaluation.
Learning Resources
Around 1992, Linux kernel was combined with the not-quite-complete GNU system resulting Linus Torvalds Notes It is user friendly operating system. Windows 7 Windows 8
Windows Vista
Windows 10
Windows Server 2008
he first fully functional ersion of inux was released in . At the time of the release of
Windows 11
ersion . , it was decided that inux ernel code would remain an open source and any one
October 5, 2021.
in GNU-Linux Operating System.
he free a ailability of the code has led to fast impro ement in the de elopment of inux perating ystem.
Features of Windows
who wants to use and modify it would get it free of cost.
This section contains additional
Among all its versions, Windows 11 is the latest version of Windows Operating System released on
ernel is the computer program that constitutes the core of operating system.
ernel is the computer program that constitutes the core of operating system.
ernel is the computer program that constitutes the core of operating system.
It is available in GUI (Graphical User Interface) form.
Linux is impro ing e eryday because Professionals from all o er the world are contributing to its code out information to enrich the subject. GNU-Linux is a popular operating system that comes in various distributions. Some of
N ot e s
It provides ‘Multi tasking’ feature that means many applications can be opened at the same point of time.
It is network friendly, i.e., it provides easy accessibility to internet and to LAN.
GNU-Linux
In Windows, using and removing peripheral devices can be done easily.
A inux distribution also called inux distribution is a member of the family of nix like software
It supports the latest graphics, sound and multimedia software to run on it.
of curiosity, experiment and social alue.
distributions that is built on inux kernel. uch distributions often called distros e en consist of a collection
of software applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, media players, database applications, ser ers
Distributions of Linux system started in 1991.
inux distributions are a ailable in wide ariety of forms, from fully featured desktop and ser er operating
the Linux distributions are Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Debian, Arch Linux, elementary OS. Linux
operating system is similar to Windows operating system with some exceptional features
ill , it is assumed that there are o er se en hundred types of inux distributions. er three hundred
that make it a useful and flexible operating system. evelopment of inux operating
of those are under de elopment which are constantly being re ised and impro ed. ome well known inux
software, etc. BOSS Do you Know? release its developed version to others.
systems to simple operating system.
Linux operating system comes in open source, i.e., its programming code is available free. The free availability
This section contains
of the code has led to fast improvement in the development of Linux operating system. Any one can use it
around the world.
and add features to it to enhance its functionality to suit his needs. One can also redesign it and distribute or
Fedora
distributions are: Solaris Ubuntu a fact about the topic. History of Linux
ndian distribution of is harat perating ystem olutions that has been recently de eloped
SUSE
nother significant feature of inux is that it is uite reliable and if bug occurs one can easily contact the
by A entre for e elopment of Ad anced omputing , ndia and is being promoted by inistry of
Slackware Red Flag
open source community and resolve the problem. It is the backbone of many major computing centers
o t. of ndia for use and appliance in ndia. t can be freely downloaded from the website www.bosslinux.in .
Mandrake create a free version of UNIX operating system but was not fully completed.
Red Hat
commercially available.
In 1969, Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie developed a small general purpose operating system called
UNIX. Around 1974, UNIX was licensed to universities for educational purposes which after a few years was
Do you know?
In 1984, Richard’s Stallman’s Free Software Foundation (FSF) began the GNU (Genuinely Not Unix) project to
t is a ulti tasking operating system, that means many applications can be opened at the same point of
ollowing are the features of inux perating ystem it as Linux. ux the penguin is the o cial mascot of inux operating system.
Features of Linux
of Minix operating system was freely available to all aspirants.
inux is network friendly, i.e., it pro ides easy accessibility to internet and to A . 51 Benedict Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki, Finland in the year 1991. Linus developed a kernel and named
t is a ailable in raphical ser nterface form.
In 1984, a Dutch professor, Andrew S. Tannenbaum developed a clone of UNIX and named it Minix. The code
time.
52
Information Technology and Communication
The Linux operating system was developed by a young second year student of Computer Science, Linus
Touchpad Information Technology-X
It is a way of communication that involves all types of non-verbal actions in an interactive environment. Activity Step 1: lick in the area of document where image needs to be inserted.
The message is conveyed without sound, i.e., with the use of symbols, gestures, eye contact, facial expression,
Inserting an Image from a file
Non-Verbal Communication
o insert an image from a file:
body language, etc. This section contains Step 3: ocate the image file.
Facial Expression like Anger, Fear or happiness can be used effectively.
Types of Non-Verbal Communication fun-based interactive task. Step 4: lick on Open button. y default the inserted image is centered above the paragraph that we
option. Insert picture window appears on the screen.
Posture like relaxed body while standing builds confidence.
Step 2: lick on Insert menu. Select icture option. submenu appears on the screen. lick on From File
clicked in.
Gestures like raising hands can express your idea.
Touch like shaking hands can encourage a person.
Paralanguage includes tone, volume ‘oe’ speed of expressions.
Space should be maintained while formal or informal communication.
Communication
Separate your friends into groups of two and ask one person from each group to non-verbally
Arranging a Group Task
enact the word given by the another group to guess. The word can be a movie name.
ACTIVITY:
It is a way of communication in which message is conveyed in an imagery form. It can be in the form of signs, Sneak Peek
pictography, films and many more. All images and symbols like traffic signals, sign boards or direction signals
Visual Communication . lace the cursor where we want the image to appear.
at malls, roads, etc. are all effective ways of expressing ideas.
To Insert a Picture from a File in MS Word:
Sneak Peek . Insert icture dialog box will appear on the screen. Select the desired image file then click
. Select the Insert tab on the ibbon then click the ictures command.
on Insert button. he image will appear in the document.
Inserting a Scanned Image
This section contains must be installed. he scanner must support the IN standard.
Communication is a two-way exchange of information. The communication cycle involves: 19 glimpses of MS O ce. Step 5: lick on the Scan button.
o insert a scanned image the scanner must be connected to the system and the scanner software drivers
COMMUNICATION CYCLE
Encoding: In verbal and visual communication, the message is converted from one system to another
Step 1: lick in the document where we want to insert the scanned image.
Sender: Sender selects the desired medium and sends the information.
system in the form of codes. It is the creation of message in another form.
Step 2: lick on Insert menu and then select icture option. submenu appears on the screen.
Step 3: Select the Scan option. submenu appears. hoose Select Source from the sub-menu.
Communication Skills
Step 4: Select Source window appears on the screen. Follow the instructions for scanning.
Advanced Features of Word Processor
113
graduation, complete research work.
Glossary S ub j e ct E nr ich me nt Unrealistic goal: “I will complete revision of year’s syllabus in one day and get good marks.”
Achievable: It is breaking down a big goal into its smaller parts that will make the goal achievable. Bigger
Goal: “I want to become a scientist.” Breaking it into smaller goals like: complete higher secondary, complete
1. Anchors: It can be used to position an image in a document. An anchored item remains in place or Glossary Time bound goal: “I want to lose 5 kg in the next five months.”
Realistic: A realistic goal would be something that we want to achieve and can work towards it.
2. Cell Reference: A cell reference refers to a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet that can be used to
Realistic goal: “I spend 2 hours every day after school to revise syllabus to get good marks in the exams.”
moves when we modify the document.
Not a time bound goal: “I want to reduce five kg someday.”
Time bound: A SMART goal should have a time-frame by when the goal needs to be achieved.
3. Coherence: Coherence is the quality that makes your writing understandable. This section contains assignments on time, without wasting time during the day.
4. Conservation: It means wise use of natural resources to save them and prevent their exploitation,
SELF-REGULATION: TIME MANAGEMENT
find the values or data.
definition of common
5. Cropping: Cropping is the process of trimming or scaling a selected portion of an image. terms. 3. Control your actions and activities like wasting time on phone.
6. Database: A database is defined as an organised collection of data that can be visualised as a container
Time management is the ability to plan, organise, and control how you spend the hours of your day well
destruction or extinction.
and do all that you want to do. It is the thinking skill that guides you to complete tasks on time, make a
daily timetable and try analysing how long it will take you to do something. Always submit homework and
Four steps to follow for effective time management are as follows:
1. Organise and plan your day-to-day activities.
2. Prioritise to do list and rank them in the order.
7. Data redundancy: It refers to the duplication or the repetition of data. 4. Track to identify time-wasting activities.
of information.
8. Data Type: A data type defines a sort of value that a column should contain.
ACTIVITY:
9. e-Commerce: It refers to commercial online transaction that is done on internet.
Organising a Workshop
10. Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is an individual who establishes a business for making profit. But it is ‘Time-management’. Each group should give a lecture on the given topic. Communication
little realised that how entrepreneurs are serving the society and helping in the development of the
11. File System: It is referred as the basic structure and concise format to arrange the set of information Recap Zone Meditation is one of the most popular ways to relieve stress.
Organise a self-improvement workshop to enhance self-management skill. Make two different
groups of students to prepare a Presentation; Group ‘A’ on ‘Self-Control’ similarly, Group ‘B’ on
Recap Zone
12. Forms: It enables to provide a user interface for entering of data or to display intermediary information.
country.
with their names.
13. Franchise: A franchise is an agreement between a small business owner (franchisee) and the parent
responsible way.
In the Form, the user can add or modify data.
14. Hub: It is a hardware device which provides common connection point to connect several devices
danger whether it is real or imaginary.
Self-management is the modus of applying and using one’s self characteristics in a righteous and
company (franchiser).
15. Hyperlink: It is a reference to a specific location, document or webpage that the user can switch by
Stress is a normal, physical or mental agony that happens when someone feels threatened, upset or
emotions of others.
together in a network.
Self-regulation refers to self-acting or self-operating.
Emotional intelligence means the ability to identify and manage one’s own emotions as well as the
summary of the chapter.
clicking on that link.
timetable and try analysing how long it will take you to do something.
Glossary 431 This section contains the 42 Self-motivation is defined as the force within you that drives you to do things without any influence.
Time management is the thinking skill that guides you to complete tasks on time, make a daily
Touchpad Information Technology-X

