Page 77 - IT 402 v2.0 class 10
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.   rite short notes on:

                 i.   Operating System                                    ii.   eal-time OS
                 iii. Open Source OS                                      iv.  esktop
                 v.   askbar                                              vi.  evice  river

             Ans.  i.  An operating system refers to the set of programs that provide an interface to use the resources of the computer
                   system effectively and e ciently. It gets executed automatically as soon as the computer is switched ON. It
                   coordinates the resources of hardware  software and human ware.  xamples of OS are MS- OS   indows   nix
                    inux  etc.

                 ii.  It is a special type of OS that processes instructions and produces a response within a specified time.  xamples
                   of  eal-time OS are   M   ra c Signal  etc.

                 iii.  It refers to an operating system in which the programming code is available for free.  nyone can use it and add
                    features to it to enhance its functionality to suit their needs. One can also re-design it and distribute or release
                    the developed version to others.  n example is  inux Operating System.
                 iv.   hen a user switches on a graphical user interface OS  a graphical screen opens up with some icons and
                   pictures.  his screen is called desktop.
                 v.  It is a thin  strip-like bar that lies at the bottom of the desktop screen. It is used as a link to open and close
                   programs and it also allows the user to access or switch between the open applications or programs. It contains
                   a System  ray  a  uick  aunch  oolbar  and the Start Main menu button.
                 vi.  It refers to a form of software that enables a hardware device to be compatible with the computer. It activates
                   the specific hardware device that can be easily interpreted by the     resources.  evice drivers are  OS  and
                    hardware  dependent computer programs  and may automatically get activated whenever that hardware
                   device is attached to the computer.  hey are provided by the device manufacturers along with the hardware
                   device.

                 .   efine the basic components of interface screen.
              ns.   enerally  an opened window screen of a program or application or tool consists of different sections like  itle  ar
                 Frame  Menu  ar  Status  ar  Scroll  ars   orkspace  etc.  asic components of interface screen are as follows:
                   Minimise: It is used to reduce the si e of an opened screen and appears as a small button in the panel.
                   Maximise: It enlarges the si e of the screen so that it takes up the entire desktop area.  o maximise the half
                   opened screen  click on the  Maximise  button.

                   Restore:  hen window is in a maximised position  the  Maximi e  button changes to   estore  button. It is used
                   to bring the window to its original si e.
                   Close: It closes the opened application window.

                   Menu Bar:  he menu bar lies below the   itle  ar .  he menu bar contains menus.  ach menu consists of
                   different options which are linked to different functions.
                   Frame (Border): Frame is a movable  resi able box towards outermost part of the window screen.  he user can
                   easily resi e a window screen by stretching its border and ad usting it as per the re uirement.
                   Workspace: It is the area on the document window where a user works. One can type in text or insert
                   graphics.

                   Status Bar: It lies at the bottom of the opened screen. It displays various information like position of the cursor
                   current page number  number of items  files  folders  etc.
                   Scroll Bar: In the screen of many applications  there is  Scroll  ar  towards the right and bottom side of the
                   window that helps in moving the content towards up-down or right-left of a page  respectively.


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