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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

             ach web page has a uni ue address or location that is called as    . It identifies the location on the Internet.
             eb browsers utilise     to open or retrieve files on Internet.  he format of a     consists of different parts.

                                           orld  ide  eb              TLD (Top Level Domain)

                                  https   www.orangeeducation.in inde .html



                               Protocol Name               Domain Name                RL or path to
                                                                                       le   folder


             he first part of the     indicates the protocol being used. It tells the browser what type of server it is
            connected to and by which protocol.

             he second part of the     is a Full  ualified  omain Name  F  N  that defines the web address.
             he third part is the path name that refers to the location of files.  he path name is always  preceded by single
            slash       after the domain name and the fourth part is the name of file extension.

            URLs  can be categorised into:

            i.  Absolute URL:  bsolute    s are the    s with complete Internet address.  n  bsolute     includes
              protocol, host, path and name of the resource. For example, www it_peoples.com/index.htm.
            ii. Relative URL:   relative     is not fully complete but it inherits the protocol  host and the path from its
              parent document  the document file that links to it .  elative    s are used to refer links on the same
              server.

            Most of the web pages are identified by relative     where hyperlinks point to  last destination  documents
            and other files which are located on the same site  e.g.  link.htm.

                      N ot e s


                                                                  Such
                                         location
                                         location
                                                                  Such
                                        a
                                        a
                                                                                  end
                                                                                s
                                     to
                                                         resource.
                                                       a
                                                                       kind
                                                         resource.
                                                                       kind
                                                       a
                                                                           of
                                                                                s
                                                 within
                                                                           of
                                                 within
                      Some
                      Some    s refer to a location within a resource. Such kind of    s end with     followed by an anchor
                      Some
                                                                                              followed
                                                                                                      by
                                                                                                            anchor
                                                                                                            anchor
                                                                                                         an
                                                                                                      by
                                                                                                         an
                                                                                              followed
                                                                                      with
                                 refer
                                                                                      with
                                     to
                                                                                  end
                                 refer
                              s
                              s


                                                                         http:  somesite.com htmt top.html section
                                                                         http:  somesite.com htmt top.html section
                                  is
                                  is
                                    called
                                    called
                              that
                      identifier
                      identifier that is called the fragment identifier. For example  http:  somesite.com htmt top.html section
                              that
                      identifier
                                         the
                                                              For
                                                     identifier.
                                                              For
                                                                 example
                                                                 example
                                             fragment
                                         the
                                             fragment
                                                     identifier.
            Internet Service Provider (ISP)
            ISP provides accessibility to use Internet through its server. An Internet Service Provider usually supplies the
            access rights with a username and password.
            Some IS s are  SN    harat Sanchar Nigam  imited   M N   Mahanagar  elephone Nigam  imited    eliance
            etc.
                                                                                         Web Application       349
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