Page 352 - IT 402 v2.0 class 10
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Modem

        It stands for Modulator-Demodulator. A modem is a peripheral device which modulates (converts analog
        signals to digital signals  from the transmitting workstation and demodulates  converts digital signals into
        analog signals  at the recipient s workstation.  he sending and receiving ends of the communication must
        have a modem. Nowadays, mobile phones have inbuilt modem devices that help to browse Internet.

        Internet Protocol (IP) Address
        It is an address of a terminal or computer on Internet. IP addresses identify the location of the computer that
        is connected to Internet. Any device connected to the network has a unique IP address. IP addresses can be
        either static or dynamic.

        A static IP address is permanent Internet address. A dynamic IP address is a temporary address that is assigned
        each time a computer or device accesses the Internet.

        The IP address is a 32-bit numeric format, i.e., four numbers separated by dots. Each number can be between
        0 and 255. For example, 2.168.18.167 could be an IP address.

                Do you know?


               ipconfig  I  ONFI   command line tool is used to view the I  address of a particular computer.




        Web Portal
        It is a specially designed website that often serves as a single point that avails various information, resources
        and services such as e-mail, forums, search engines, etc., from diverse sources in a uniform way. Examples
        of such web portals are  O   MSN  Indiatimes   ediff and  ahoo .  eb portal is also known as public portal.


        Switch
        A network switch is a small hardware device that is used to amplify data signals and create smaller network
        segments or several subnets of bigger network.
        A network switch is a small hardware device that is used to amplify data signals and create smaller network
        segments or several subnets of bigger network. It is used to prevent overloading of data in the tra c of a
        network. It is also responsible for forwarding and transforming data packets between the sub networks.














        Hub
        A hub is a hardware device which provides common connection point to connect several devices together in
        a network. It contains multiple ports in which workstations, server and peripherals can be connected. When
        a data packet reaches  it enables to avail data packet to all segments of the   N.  ub can be either passive
        or active.





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