Page 360 - IT 402 v2.0 class 10
P. 360
Do you know?
TCP/IP was developed in 1978 and driven by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf.
Some Common TCP/IP protocols
HTTP: It is a protocol that is used to transfer information on the orld ide eb. It defines how messages
are formatted, transmitted and what action web servers and browsers should take in response to various
commands. Its main purpose is to provide a way to display and retrieve M pages. It is a re uest
response protocol between clients and server. The originating client, such as a web browser is referred to
as the user agent. he server which stores or creates resources such as M files and images is called the
origin server. In between the user agent and origin server, there may be several intermediaries, such as
proxies gateways tunnels etc. is called a stateless protocol because it does not keep the previously
executed command in memory.
S: sed between a web client and a web server to secure data transmissions. Often used for sending
credit card transaction data or private data from a web client i.e. Internet browser on a computer to a web
server.
UDP/IP
The User Datagram Protocol does not ensure that all packets are delivered and remain in order. It doesn’t
establish a connection before beginning or receiving transmissions. It is an alternative to I that sacrifices
reliability for speed and simplicity.
UDP/IP is usually utilised for streaming audio or video, as the risk of dropped packets is outweighed by the
need to keep the transmission real-time.
INSTANT MESSAGING
Instant Messaging IM refers to instantaneous exchange of messages between the sender and and receiver
on Internet. Instant Messaging takes place with specially developed applications, like Google Chat, Skype,
ike e hat Facebook Messenger hats pp etc. Other than text messages many instant messaging
applications enable file transfer audio chat video calling etc. Instant messaging software is widely used for
the personal as well as commercial use.
Unlike email, instant messaging takes place in real-time and the response from the participants are spontaneous.
If the receiver is online, message is received as soon it is sent. In Instant Messaging, text messages can be sent
to one or more persons at a time. The message history is recorded for future too.
o use an instant messaging application a user must create his I identity or account to open his account
whenever needed. Some instant messaging application such as oogle angout ahoo Messenger and
indows ive Messenger uses email addresses for managing the account and software app such as hats pp
Skype are used with name or numbers as identity.
358 Touchpad Information Technology-X

