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2.7 PeRsonaLitY
Meaning of personality: Personality is a relatively enduring set of traits. These traits are made up of emotional, behavioural,
and mental sets of characteristics. Heredity has been found to determine personality apart from environmental forces.
Personality is shaped by family, culture, society, education, and other environmental factors.
2.7.1 Influence of Personality
Personality affects all aspects of an individual’s performance, even how he/she reacts to situations in life. Individuals
should set clear goals for themselves and diligently pursue them. Behavioural tendencies like anxiety, stress,
perseverance, and conscientiousness reflected in personality traits can influence academic performance.
2.7.2 Basic Personality Traits
According to trait theory, combining a set of observable traits into a group forms an individual’s
personality. One popular personality classification is the Big Five. The Big Five, global traits associated with work, are
listed below:
Ð ÐExtraversion: gregarious, assertive, and sociable. (Opposite: reserved, timid, quiet).
Ð ÐAgreeableness: cooperative, warm, and agreeable. (Opposite: cold, disagreeable, and antagonistic).
Ð ÐConscientiousness: hardworking, organised, and dependable. (Opposite: lazy, disorganised, and unreliable).
Ð ÐEmotional stability: calm, self-confident, and cool. (Opposite: insecure, anxious, and depressed).
Ð ÐOpenness to experience: creative, curious, and cultured. (Opposite: narrow interests).
2.8 PeRsonaLitY disoRdeRs
Personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions that are characterised by inflexible and atypical patterns of
thinking, feeling, and behaving. These inner experiences and behaviours often differ from the expectations of the culture
in which someone lives.
Personality disorders can be categorised into three categories:
Personality
Disorder
Suspicious Emotional & Anxious
Impulsive
2.8.1 Cluster A: Suspicious
This personality disorder involves behaviour that seems unusual and eccentric to others. People in this cluster always
mistrust others, even when there is no need to.
For example, Neelima is a housewife. A maid has been working at her house for two years. Despite having CCTV
cameras installed at her house everywhere, Neelima is always suspicious about the maid. She follows her all the time
and keeps a check on her movements. This causes stress between Neelima and her maid.
Cluster A:
Suspicious
Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal
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