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Sometimes, we use a comma to indicate a After the waiter gave me the menu,
pause in a sentence. I ordered food.
Comma , We can also use a comma to separate items
when we are listing more than two items in I bought apples, oranges, and
a row. grapes.
We use a question mark at the end of a What is your designation?
Question mark ?
question. How much is your work experience?
We use an exclamation mark at the end of a What a pleasant surprise!
Exclamation mark ! word or sentence to indicate a strong feeling,
such as surprise, shock, or anger. You are late!
We use an apostrophe followed by an ‘s’ to That is Divya’s desk.
show that something belongs to someone. Are these Abdul’s books?
Apostrophe ‘ In informal speech, we also use an “Let’s go!” instead of “Let us go!”
apostrophe to indicate the shortened form “He isn’t here.” instead of “He is
of some words. not here.”
1.4.3 Basic Parts of Speech
The different types of words we use in sentences are called parts of speech. The basic parts of speech are nouns,
pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs.
Parts of What they do Example sentence Example words
speech
Noun Nouns are words that refer to a For example, “Reema wrote a letter.” In Dog
person, place, thing, or idea. They this sentence, both Reema and letter India
are ‘naming words.’ are nouns.
Sanju
Pronoun A pronoun is a word used in place In the second sentence, “Reema wrote a I
of a noun. letter. She is tired.” She is used in place They
of the noun Reema. It is a pronoun. He
You
Adjective An adjective is a word that In the sentence, “Reema wrote a long Small
describes other words. letter.” Long is an adjective that describes Blue
the noun ‘letter’. Sharp
Loud
Verb A verb is a word that shows action. In the sentence, “Reema quickly wrote a Run
letter”, wrote is a verb. It tells us what Eat
action Reema performed. Think
Sit
Adverb An adverb is a word that adds In the sentence, “Reema quickly wrote Easily
meaning to a verb, adjective, a letter”, quickly is an adverb. It tells us Always
or other adverb. It answers the how Reema did the action (writing). Inside
question—how. Before
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