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Sometimes the same words can be used differently.


                Will you book a movie for 3 p.m.?                                      ‘Book’ is used as a verb.
                I need to find my English book.                                        ‘Book’ is a noun.
                His total cricket score was 145.                                       ‘Total’ is an adjective.

                That is totally awesome.                                               ‘Totally’ is an adverb.
                She is always watching a football match.                               ‘Football’ is an adjective.

                She got a new football for her birthday.                               ‘Football’ is a noun.
                The experienced sailor was able to hold up the sail despite the heavy storm.  ‘Sail’ is a noun.

                Satish was able to sail through despite the storm.                     ‘Sail’ is a verb
                Kapil promised his father that he would be a good boy.                 ‘Promised’ is a verb.

                Kapil was unable to keep the promise given to his father.              ‘Promise’ is a noun.
            Let us now see how these words are used. Read the following sentence aloud:

            Wow! Ananya went to the cricket stadium and met a famous cricketer.
            We already know that Ananya, cricket stadium, and cricketer are nouns. Famous is an adjective because it describes
            the cricketer (noun), and the words went and met are verbs because they describe an action.
            What about the other words in this sentence: wow, to, the, and and? What are these words called? We use such
            supporting words to join the main parts of speech together and to add information to the sentences that we frame.
            Let us now look at the supporting parts of speech.

            1.4.4 Supporting Parts of Speech
            Along with the main parts of speech, there are some more words we need for connecting words, phrases, clauses, or
            sentences. Such words are called supporting parts of speech.

                                                    Supporting parts of speech

                 Supporting
               parts of speech                      Use                                     Example

               Articles        The words ‘a’, ‘an’, and ‘the’ are known as articles.  The  car  stopped  suddenly  because  a
                               Articles are generally used before nouns.       cat ran in front of it.
                               ‘An’ is used before words with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u)  A book.
                               sound.                                          An apple.
                               ‘A’ is used before nouns beginning with a consonant  An umbrella.
                               sound (except those beginning with a, e, i, o, u).  The sun.
                               ‘The’ is used to refer to specific or particular words.

               Conjunctions    Conjunctions are words that join two nouns, phrases,  Instead  of—Sheela  went  to  the
                               or sentences. Some common conjunctions are ‘and’,  market.  I  went  to  the  market.Sheela
                               ‘or’, and ‘but’.                                and I went to the market.
                                                                               Instead of—Do you want oranges? Do
                                                                               you want apples?
                                                                               Do you want oranges or apples?






                                                                                        Communication Skills-IV  23
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