Page 40 - IT-802_class_12
P. 40

2.7 PeRsonaLitY

        Meaning of personality: Personality is a relatively enduring set of traits. These traits are made up of emotional, behavioural,
        and mental sets of characteristics. Heredity has been found to determine personality apart from environmental forces.
        Personality is shaped by family, culture, society, education, and other environmental factors.

        2.7.1 Influence of Personality
        Personality affects all aspects of an individual’s performance, even how he/she reacts to situations in life. Individuals
        should  set  clear  goals  for  themselves  and  diligently  pursue  them.  Behavioural  tendencies  like  anxiety,  stress,
        perseverance, and conscientiousness reflected in personality traits can influence academic performance.

        2.7.2 Basic Personality Traits

        According to trait theory, combining a set of observable traits into a group forms an individual’s
         personality. One popular personality classification is the Big Five. The Big Five, global traits associated with work, are
        listed below:

        Ð ÐExtraversion: gregarious, assertive, and sociable. (Opposite: reserved, timid, quiet).
        Ð ÐAgreeableness: cooperative, warm, and agreeable. (Opposite: cold, disagreeable, and antagonistic).
        Ð ÐConscientiousness: hardworking, organised, and dependable. (Opposite: lazy, disorganised, and unreliable).

        Ð ÐEmotional stability: calm, self-confident, and cool. (Opposite: insecure, anxious, and depressed).
        Ð ÐOpenness to experience: creative, curious, and cultured. (Opposite: narrow interests).
          2.8 PeRsonaLitY disoRdeRs

        Personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions that are characterised by inflexible and atypical patterns of
        thinking, feeling, and behaving. These inner experiences and behaviours often differ from the expectations of the culture
        in which someone lives.
        Personality disorders can be categorised into three categories:

                                                        Personality
                                                         Disorder




                                      Suspicious       Emotional &         Anxious
                                                         Impulsive


        2.8.1 Cluster A: Suspicious
        This personality disorder involves behaviour that seems unusual and eccentric to others. People in this cluster always
        mistrust others, even when there is no need to.

        For example, Neelima is a housewife. A maid has been working at her house for two years. Despite having CCTV
        cameras installed at her house everywhere, Neelima is always suspicious about the maid. She follows her all the time
        and keeps a check on her movements. This causes stress between Neelima and her maid.

                                                         Cluster A:
                                                        Suspicious




                                       Paranoid          Schizoid        Schizotypal


          38    Touchpad Information Technology-XII
   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   45