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B.  Fill in the blanks.
           1.  Promoting ............................... is one way to make a positive impact on the environment.

           2.  Fruits and vegetables grown ............................... are free from chemical residues of synthetic fertilisers and are therefore
             healthier.

           3.  ............................... are farmers’ collectives with membership consisting mainly of small or marginal farmers.
           4.  Alternative fuels like ............................... and ............................... can minimise greenhouse gas emissions.
           5.  The Government of India announced the new ............................... aimed at increasing the availability of ethanol through
             starch and sugar-based feedstock.
           6.  ............................... has launched an ‘electric vehicle program’ whose goal is to offer comprehensive solutions to enable
             India to adopt disruptive technologies.

              Ans.   1. Green jobs       2. Organically   3. FPOs (Farmer Producer Organisations)
                    4. CNGs and energy-efficient vehicles   5. Biofuel Policy
                    6. Energy Efficient Services Limited(EESL)


        C.   Expand the abbreviations:
           1.  CNG    2. FPO    3. EESL    4. CFC    5. NAPCC
         Ans.  1.  CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
              2.  FPO: Farmer Producer Organization
              3.  EESL: Energy Efficient Services Limited
              4.  CFC: Chloro Fluoro Carbons
              5.  NAPCC: National Action Plan on Climate Change

                                                         Section B
                                                 (Subjective Type Questions)
        A.  Answer the following questions:
           1.  What are green jobs?
         Ans.  A ‘green job’ can be defined as a job that assists in transitioning to environmentally sustainable forms of production and
             consumption and maintaining them. Green jobs include jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce
             energy, materials, and water consumption through high-efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimise or
             altogether avoid the generation of all forms of waste and pollution.
           2.  What are the benefits of green jobs?
         Ans.  The benefits of green jobs are:
             Ð  Improving energy and raw material efficiency
             Ð  Limiting greenhouse gas emissions
             Ð  Minimizing waste and pollution
             Ð  Protecting and restoring ecosystems and biodiversity
             Ð  Support adaptation to the effects of climate change
           3.  Write a short note about green jobs in solid waste management.
         Ans.  Solid  waste  refers  to  all  discarded  solid  materials  generated  by  various  sources,  such  as  households,  commercial
             establishments, industries, agriculture, institutions, governments, and mining operations. Based on the source of origin and
             type of waste, the Ministry of Urban Development of the Government of India has divided solid waste into 14 categories,
             namely, domestic, municipal, commercial, industrial, institutional, garbage, ash, street sweepings, dead animals, bulky,
             hazardous, and sewage.
           4.  How can we reduce waste and pollution?
         Ans.  The following are some ways that can reduce waste and pollution:
             Ð  Reusing scrap material: For example, in paper mills, damaged rolls are sent back to the beginning of the production line,
                i.e., they are added as raw material. In the manufacture of plastic items, off-cuts and scraps are incorporated into new
                products.

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