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Case Study:
Let us consider a situation. A college has hundreds of students enrolled in it. It stores relevant information
about the students and courses in corresponding files.
Suppose, the college keeps a separate file for each semester within each department. If the college has 10
departments, and each department offers courses that span 3 semesters, then college would need to manage
30 different files to store all the student data All these files together constitute the database of a college like:
Name Reg_No Dept Course Year_of_Study
Cris 2002005 Electronics B.Tech I
Ali 2002007 Microbiology M.Sc II
Sammy 2002009 Computer Science B.Sc (IT) III
Shrishti 2002010 Finance B.Com II
Pranay 2002012 Chemistry B.Sc II
Vipul 2002021 Management B.Com II
In a modern system, retrieving the list of students registered for a B.Sc. (IT) programme only requires entering
a brief inquiry and requesting the computer to respond. Interestingly, the computer provides the solution
in just a couple of seconds. On the other hand, the same task may take several minutes, hours, or even days
using an outdated paper-based system.
Advantages of Database
A database provides an efficient system for managing data and records. There are several additional
advantages of database, which are as follows:
Organised Storage
Databases provide structured storage of data, making it easy to retrieve and manage
information efficiently. For example, in a library database, books are categorised
by genre, author, and publication year, allowing librarians to quickly locate and
manage inventory.
Data Analysis
Databases facilitate data analysis by allowing users to query and analyse
large datasets to uncover insights and trends. For example, a retail store uses
a customer database to analyse buying patterns and preferences, helping to
optimise inventory and marketing strategies.
Data Sharing
Databases enable multiple users to access and share data simultaneously for
improving collaboration and decision-making. For example, a project management
team uses a database to store and update project status, enabling team members to
access real-time information and collaborate effectively.
Introduction to Database Management System 205

