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Unit
                3         ICT SKILLS-II











                  SESSION            1   Basic Computer Operations

                 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) refers to the wide range of tools and technologies
                 that enable us to gather, store, process, and share information electronically. These technologies include
                 computers, smartphones, the internet, software applications, and digital platforms.
                 In our daily lives, ICT plays a pivotal role by making communication faster and more convenient. We can
                 instantly connect with friends, family, and colleagues through email, instant messaging, social media platforms,
                 and video calls. This connectivity not only enhances personal relationships but also facilitates global business
                 transactions and collaborations.
                 ICT has also revolutionised how businesses operate. Companies can now use e-commerce platforms to sell
                 products and services globally, reach new markets, and engage with customers through digital marketing
                 strategies. This digital transformation has led to increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved customer
                 satisfaction.

                   COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

                 A computer system is categorised into two distinct parts: Hardware and Software. Hardware encompasses
                 the  physical and  visible components of  the  system, including the  monitor,  CPU, keyboard,  and  mouse.
                 These components form the tangible machinery of the computer. In contrast, software comprises a set of
                 instructions that enable the hardware to perform specific tasks. It acts as the bridge between user commands
                 and hardware operations. For software to function correctly, it must be installed and executed on hardware.
                 Conversely, hardware provides the physical platform necessary for software to operate and fulfil its designated
                 tasks. This mutual dependence highlights their interconnectedness within a computer system. While hardware
                 and software work together to achieve computing objectives, they differ fundamentally in their nature and
                 functionality. Hardware represents the physical infrastructure, whereas software represents the logical and
                 operational framework that governs how hardware behaves and responds to user input.

                 Operating system
                 The  Operating System (OS) is like the  brain  of a  computer,  it starts
                 working the moment you turn on the machine and allows you to interact
                 with it through the desktop on your screen. For desktops and laptops,
                 common OS choices include Ubuntu,  Microsoft Windows, and  macOS,
                 each offering unique features and interfaces.
                 The operating system is crucial for computers as it acts as a mediator
                 between the hardware, software, and users. This interface can be graphical,
                 such as the desktop environment, or command-line-based, where users
                 enter text commands to execute tasks.



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