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�  Chemical hazards: Employees may encounter hazardous chemicals like toxic substances, gases, vapors, and
                  flammable materials. Exposure to these chemicals can result in skin irritation, respiratory problems, poisoning,
                  and fire hazards. Proper handling, storage, and use of chemicals are critical to mitigating these risks.
              �  Mechanical  hazards:  These arise  from  machinery  or  equipment  with  moving  parts,  sharp  edges,  or
                  rotating  components  that  can  cause  crushing,  shearing,  or  entanglement  injuries.  Proper  guarding,
                  training, and maintenance are essential to prevent accidents and ensure workplace safety.
              �  Biological  hazards: Found primarily in healthcare settings, laboratories, or environments handling
                  organic matter, biological hazards include exposure to bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. They pose
                  risks such as infections or illnesses and strict adherence to hygiene and safety protocols.
              �  Psychosocial hazards: These hazards impact mental health and well-being and may include workplace
                  violence, bullying, stress, excessive workload, or lack of support. They can lead to anxiety, depression,
                  and other psychological issues among employees, requiring measures to promote a supportive work
                  environment.
              �  Safety hazards: Common safety hazards encompass slippery floors, falling objects, lack of safety guards
                  on machinery, inadequate lighting, and poorly maintained facilities. These hazards increase the likelihood
                  of accidents, trips, falls, and other injuries if not promptly addressed.
              �  Radiation hazards: Industries using ionising radiation sources such as x-rays or gamma rays face risks
                  like radiation burns,  cancer,  and  genetic  damage.  Strict  adherence  to  radiation  safety  protocols  and
                  monitoring are essential to protect workers from these hazards.
              �  Fire  and  explosion  hazards:  Improper  handling  of  flammable  substances,  faulty  electrical  systems,
                  combustible  materials,  and  inadequate  fire  safety  measures  can  lead  to  fires,  explosions,  and  severe
                  injuries or fatalities. Fire safety training, fire extinguishers, and clear evacuation procedures are crucial
                  preventive measures.
              �  Electrical  hazards: Issues such as faulty  wiring,  exposed  electrical  parts,  improper  use of electrical
                  appliances, or overloading circuits pose risks of electric shocks, burns, and fire hazards. Proper maintenance,
                  inspection, and training are essential to mitigate electrical hazards.
              �  Environmental hazards: Factors like poor air quality, exposure to hazardous waste, and environmental
                  risks associated  with  industrial  activities can  impact both  worker  safety  and  environmental  health.
                  Compliance with environmental regulations and proactive measures are necessary to minimise these
                  hazards.
              �  Health  hazards:  These  hazards  include  exposure  to  harmful  substances  like  chemicals,  asbestos,  or
                  dust, which can lead to respiratory problems or skin conditions. Biological hazards, such as bacteria and
                  viruses,  can  cause  infections  or  illnesses.  Additionally,  ergonomic  hazards  arise  from  poor  workplace
                  design or repetitive motions, potentially leading to musculoskeletal disorders. To manage health hazards
                  effectively,  employers  should  ensure  that  employees  use  appropriate  personal  protective  equipment
                  (PPE) and follow safety protocols. Proper ventilation systems should be in place to minimise exposure to
                  harmful substances. Regular cleaning and sanitation can help reduce biological risks. Workstations should
                  be ergonomically designed to prevent strain and injury. By addressing these issues, employers can create
                  a healthier work environment and reduce the risk of health problems among employees.

              Potential Sources of Hazards in an Organisation
              Ensuring workplace safety is crucial not just for protecting employees but also for maintaining organisational
              effectiveness  and  reputation.  Hazards  can  lead  to  increased  absenteeism,  reduced  productivity,  higher
              healthcare costs, and legal issues. Effective safety measures such as ergonomic workstation setups, thorough
              equipment training, fostering a safety-conscious culture, and compliance with regulations are essential.




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