Page 23 - IT_Play_V1.0 Class9
P. 23
Parts of Speech What Do They Do? Example Sentences Example Words PARTS OF SENTENCE
Noun It refers to a person, place, In the sentence, “Rahul bought House, Clock and Ravi. The construction of a basic sentence uses elements, such as Subject, Verb and Object. ‘Subject’ is a person or thing
thing or idea. a bike.” Both Rahul and Bike which does an action, while a ‘Verb’ describes the action done by the subject, which is received by an ‘Object’.
are nouns. Sentences Subject Verb Object
Pronoun It is used instead of a Rahul bought a bike and he He, She, They and You. I play guitar. I play Guitar.
noun. is happy. In this sentence ‘he’ She teaches English. She teaches English.
is used in place of the noun
‘Rahul.’ TYPES OF OBJECTS
Adjectives These are the type of words Rahul bought a beautiful bike. Big, Small, Heavy and Red. There are two types of objects in a sentence, direct and indirect. The objects which are directly ‘acted on’
that describe the noun. In this sentence ‘beautiful’ is by the verb are called direct objects. A direct object always answers the question ‘what’, for example, if the
an adjective that describes question is “what do you eat?”, then the answer will be ‘bread’, here bread is the direct object because it
the noun ‘bike’. answers the question ‘what’.
The indirect object answers the question ‘to whom’ and ‘for whom’, for example, “My father gave money to
Verbs Verbs are words that show Rahul rides a bike. In this Run, Eat, Think and Sit. my brother”, here ‘my brother’ is the indirect object.
action. sentence ‘rides’ is the verb.
Here are some examples of sentences with direct and indirect objects:
Adverbs It adds meaning to verbs Rahul rides the bike slowly. Fastly, Before, Smoothly
or adjectives. In this sentence ‘slowly’ is an and Neatly. Sentence Verb Verb + What? Verb + By whom/ Direct Indirect
object
object
to whom?
adverb.
Rohan sent a letter. sent letter letter
The remaining few words such as wow, to, and, the, which, etc. are known as supporting words which help Priya made a cake. made cake cake
join the main parts of speech.
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Supporting Parts Use Examples We speak many sentences in our day-to-day life but we don’t realise the diversity of sentences that we use
of Speech while speaking. It can be seen through the following examples:
Articles These words are generally used before nouns: The flower smells nice. 1. I taught you.
An is used before a word with a vowel sound Kids like seeing an aeroplane in 2. You are taught by me.
(a,e,i,o,u). the sky. We notice that there is a difference between both sentences. In the first sentence, the subject ‘I’ is the doer of
A is used before the words that start with Let me take a small nap. the action ‘taught’ while in the second sentence, the subject ‘You’ is the receiver of the action ‘taught’. In this
consonants (other than vowels). way, the first sentence is in ‘Active Voice’ while the second sentence is in ‘Passive Voice’.
The is used before specific or particular words. 1. I taught you (Active voice). 2. You are taught by me (Passive voice).
Conjunctions It joins two nouns, phrases or sentences. Some of Ravi read the book. I read the In ‘Active Voice’, the subject performs the action stated by the verb. In ‘Passive Voice’, the subject is acted
them are: ‘and’, ‘or’ and ‘but’. book. upon by the verb.
Ravi and I read the book. Read the following Active and Passive statements:
Prepositions It connects one word with another word to show The book is on the table. Active Voice Passive Voice
the relation. They usually answer the question, The ball fell into the well.
‘where’, ‘when’ and ‘how’. Shreya (subject) reads the novel (object) in one The novel (subject) was read by Shreya (object) in
Interjections It expresses strong emotions or sudden reactions, Hurrah!, wow!, oh no! and day. one day.
such as happiness, surprise, excitement and anger. thanks! I (subject) will clean the house (object) every The house (subject) would be cleaned by me
Saturday. (object) every Saturday.
SESSION 5 Writing Skills: Sentences In Active Voice, the action expressed in the verb is performed by the subject.
Examples:
A sentence may be described as a group of words that have a subject and a predicate. Let’s explore the He ate an apple. Ravi is playing football. Prisha is reading the book.
different parts of a sentence.
Communication Skills-I 21

