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CONNECTING TO INTERNET
To connect to the Internet, you need three main things:
1. A Device: This could be a computer, laptop, or mobile phone.
2. A Connection Device: This is usually a modem or a router, which helps your device connect to the
Internet.
3. An Internet Service Provider (ISP): This is a company that provides the service that lets you access
the Internet. They offer Internet connectivity through different methods like phone lines or wireless
networks.
Examples of ISPs include companies like, Airtel, BSNL, Jio, etc. These companies provide the Internet service
that allows you to go Online and use websites, send emails, and more.
Types of Connections
Wired Connections: These occur when a computer connects to the Internet using a physical wire, such as
an Ethernet cable. This cable is used to connect the computer to the modem, which in turn connects to the
ISP through a phone line.
Wireless Connections: Computers can connect to the Internet wirelessly using technologies like Wi-Fi. For
example, laptops require a wireless Internet card to connect to a modem without using cables.
Bandwidth
Bandwidth refers to the capacity of a network to transmit data within a specific timeframe. To illustrate,
imagine a pipe: the wider it is, the more water it can carry. Similarly, a network’s bandwidth determines the
amount of data it can handle. For digital devices, bandwidth is typically measured in bits per second (bps),
while analog devices use cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz). Data transfer speeds, including Internet speeds, are
commonly expressed in terms of bits per second.
1 Kbps = 1,000 bits per second,
1 Mbps = 1,000 Kilobits per second,
1 Gbps = 1,000 Megabits per second.
Internet Browser
To access information on various websites, you need an Internet browser. An Internet browser is a software
application on your computer or laptop that allows you to visit and navigate different websites. Examples
include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Internet Explorer.
SESSION 8 Communication and Networking—Internet Browsing
Imagine a large system where millions of computers are interconnected, sharing information and resources
seamlessly. This interconnected system, called the Internet, acts like a global highway for data, allowing
devices to exchange messages, access files, and collaborate in real time. The Internet forms the foundation
for many technologies and tools we use every day, including email, social media, and online games. One of its
most impactful creations, however, is the World Wide Web—a system that revolutionised the way we access
and share information. Let’s explore how this incredible innovation works.
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