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CONNECTING TO INTERNET WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
To connect to the Internet, you need three main things: The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system that helps us access and connect documents from millions of
1. A Device: This could be a computer, laptop, or mobile phone. computers on the Internet. Created by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, it was designed to make it easier to view
and link different types of documents online. Instead of having to search through complex lists or transfer
2. A Connection Device: This is usually a modem or a router, which helps your device connect to the files between computers, the web lets you quickly move from one document to another.
Internet.
The WWW combines text, images, graphics, audio, and video, allowing us to view and interact with multimedia
3. An Internet Service Provider (ISP): This is a company that provides the service that lets you access content online. Before the WWW, the Internet was primarily used for text-based information. The introduction
the Internet. They offer Internet connectivity through different methods like phone lines or wireless of the WWW transformed the Internet, making it a dynamic and interactive platform for accessing and sharing
networks. a wide variety of information.
Examples of ISPs include companies like, Airtel, BSNL, Jio, etc. These companies provide the Internet service The main purpose of the WWW is to provide a way to display and retrieve HTML pages. The WWW is a system
that allows you to go Online and use websites, send emails, and more. of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet, where HTML pages can be viewed using web
Types of Connections browsers.
Wired Connections: These occur when a computer connects to the Internet using a physical wire, such as BASIC INTERNET TERMS
an Ethernet cable. This cable is used to connect the computer to the modem, which in turn connects to the Here are some basic Internet terms explained:
ISP through a phone line.
Web Page
Wireless Connections: Computers can connect to the Internet wirelessly using technologies like Wi-Fi. For A web page is a document of information that can be accessed
example, laptops require a wireless Internet card to connect to a modem without using cables.
and viewed through a web browser. A web page is generally
Bandwidth contained in a website and constitutes a source of information
Bandwidth refers to the capacity of a network to transmit data within a specific timeframe. To illustrate, that floats on the world wide web. The information is usually
imagine a pipe: the wider it is, the more water it can carry. Similarly, a network’s bandwidth determines the coded in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). A web page
amount of data it can handle. For digital devices, bandwidth is typically measured in bits per second (bps), may be retrieved from a local host computer or from a remote
while analog devices use cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz). Data transfer speeds, including Internet speeds, are computer with the help of the Internet. Web pages are requested
commonly expressed in terms of bits per second. and served from the web server using protocols like-Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Web pages may consist of static pages (which are stored within a file system of a web
1 Kbps = 1,000 bits per second,
server) and/or dynamic pages (which are interactive in nature i.e., which facilitate online data transformation).
1 Mbps = 1,000 Kilobits per second,
Web pages may contain information in the form of text, images, pictures, sound, audio, video, etc.
1 Gbps = 1,000 Megabits per second.
Website
Internet Browser A location on the web server where an individual or any organisation uploads its information is known as a
To access information on various websites, you need an Internet browser. An Internet browser is a software website. A website is a collection of one or more web pages that displays information with the help of a web
application on your computer or laptop that allows you to visit and navigate different websites. Examples browser. A website can be compared to a book that contains different pages in the form of web pages.
include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Internet Explorer. The first page of a website is known as the Home Page. The pages on a website are linked to one another
and a person can navigate to any page by clicking on the links called Hyperlinks.
Websites are hosted on the web server on a rental basis by the ISP. In order to access them, every website
SESSION 8 Communication and Networking—Internet Browsing is provided with a unique name. The websites may be owned by individuals, agencies, companies, colleges,
universities, government bodies, etc.
Imagine a large system where millions of computers are interconnected, sharing information and resources
seamlessly. This interconnected system, called the Internet, acts like a global highway for data, allowing Web Browser
devices to exchange messages, access files, and collaborate in real time. The Internet forms the foundation A web browser is an application software that helps a user to navigate through different websites on
for many technologies and tools we use every day, including email, social media, and online games. One of its the Internet and display web pages. The user requests a page from a web server with the help of a web browser.
most impactful creations, however, is the World Wide Web—a system that revolutionised the way we access After receiving the request through the web browser, the web server makes it available for the web browser
and share information. Let’s explore how this incredible innovation works. to display the page.
ICT Skills-I 63

