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Case-based Questions



           1.  Suvidha is a teacher, and in her class, she has a few students who are too slow to write notes in class. Therefore she is
              searching for a technology that can convert her speech to text. This text document can then be shared with the students.
              Which technique of artificial intelligence will help her?
           2.  Ashraf wants to collect the following information:
              (i)  The age group of students who drop out of school.
              (ii)  Percentage of dropouts from private and government schools.
              He has collected data from all private and government schools across the country. Which type of machine learning model
              is being implemented by Ashraf?

                                        NCERT Exercise Solutions


           1.  List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.
         Ans.  Platform as a Service (PaaS) - Online Coding Platforms
              Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - Amazon Web Services
              Software as a Service (SaaS) - Google Docs
           2.  What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.
         Ans.   The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items that are embedded with
              sensors, software, and network connectivity. These devices are able to collect and exchange data over the IoT network, enabling them
              to communicate and interact with each other without human intervention.
                IoT has the potential to revolutionize a wide range of industries, from healthcare and manufacturing to transportation and energy.
              For example, in healthcare, IoT devices can be used to monitor patients’ vital signs and automatically alert healthcare professionals in
              case of an emergency. In manufacturing, IoT can be used to optimize production processes, reduce downtime, and improve product
              quality.
           3.  Write a short note on the following:
              a. Cloud computing                           b. Big data and its characteristics
         Ans.  a. Refer 10.4: Cloud Computing
              b. Refer 10.2: Big Data
           4.  Explain the following along with their applications.
               a. Artificial Intelligence                  b. Machine Learning
         Ans.  a. Refer 10.1: Artificial Intelligence
              b. Refer 10.1.1: Machine Learning
           5.  Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable examples.
         Ans.   1.  Cloud computing involves the delivery of computing services (such as storage, processing, and networking) over the internet. Grid
                computing connects a network of computers to work together on a task, sharing resources across a distributed infrastructure.
               2.  In cloud computing, resources are owned and provided by a service provider. In grid computing, resources may be owned by different
                organizations or individuals, collaborating to achieve a common goal.
               3.  Cloud computing provides a more flexible and scalable approach, adapting to varying workloads. Grid computing is typically designed
                for specific tasks and may require a predefined infrastructure.
           6.  Justify the following statement- ‘Storage of data is cost effective and time saving in cloud computing.’
         Ans.   Storing data in cloud computing is cost-effective and time-saving due to several reasons. Cloud providers offer scalable storage solutions,
              allowing users to pay only for the storage they use. This eliminates the need for large upfront investments in physical infrastructure.
              Additionally, cloud services provide easy accessibility, rapid deployment, and automated management, reducing the time and effort
              required for setting up and maintaining storage systems. Data redundancy and backup features in the cloud enhance data reliability and
              resilience, contributing to cost savings associated with data recovery and ensuring business continuity.
           7.  What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?
         Ans.   On-demand  service  in  cloud  computing  refers  to  the  provision  of  computing  resources,  such  as  storage,  processing  power,  and
              applications, as needed, without requiring users to invest in or manage physical infrastructure. Cloud service providers offer on-demand
              services through a pay-as-you-go model, allowing users to scale resources up or down based on their immediate requirements. This
              flexibility enables cost efficiency, as users only pay for the resources they consume, and it facilitates rapid deployment and scalability,
              meeting dynamic business needs without the constraints of traditional infrastructure.
              Refer 10.4: Cloud computing for more details.
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