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Overall, cloud computing is a powerful technology that offers businesses and individuals a flexible, cost-effective,
        and scalable way to access computing resources and services, without the need for local hardware or infrastructure.
        However, it is important to carefully evaluate different cloud service providers and service models, to ensure that they
        meet the specific needs and requirements of the user organization.


                Fill in the blanks:
                1.   ______ cloud cloud infrastructure is owned and operated by a single organization.
                2.  ______ clouds are accessible to anyone.
                3.  ______ clouds are typically less secure than private clouds.



        10.5 Grid Computing

        Grid computing enables sharing of computing resources across a network. It allows multiple organizations or individuals
        to share computing power, data storage, and other resources in a coordinated and efficient manner. The resources are
        typically geographically distributed and heterogeneous. Indeed, they may have different hardware configurations and
        operating systems.





                             Database
                                                                                     Server










                                                                                     Laptop
                             Computer

        Grid computing is often used for large-scale scientific or engineering projects that require significant computational
        resources. It allows the users to access resources that would otherwise be too expensive or impractical to acquire
        and maintain on their own. For example, grid computing has been used in fields such as high-energy physics, climate
        modelling, and drug discovery.
        Managing the complexity of coordinating resources across multiple organizations and locations is a key challenge in grid
        computing. Various software tools and protocols have been developed to facilitate resource sharing and management.
        Examples of such tools include the Globus Toolkit and the Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA).
        Overall, grid computing has the potential to enable breakthroughs in scientific research and accelerate innovation by
        providing a platform for collaboration and resource sharing.



               Grid computing enables multiple organizations or individuals to share computing power, data storage, and other
               resources in a coordinated and efficient manner.






                 Explain any one key challenge that is faced by users of grid computing. How is it addressed?





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