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4.nUltraBook
5.n hrootBook
1.2 CPU
ThtnCtntralnProctyyingnUnitn( PU),nalyoncalltdnthtnmroctyyor,niynthtncoomuttr’ynbrainnandniynrtymonyibltnforncarrSingn
outnallnthtnmroctyyingninnthtncoomuttrnySytto.nAn PUniynofttnnfabricattdnaynanytoiconductornchim,ncalltdnInttgrattdn
ircuit(I ).nGivtnnantayk,nthtn PUniynmrovidtdnwithnanytqutnctnofninytructonyninnthtnnforonofnanmrograo.nFornthtntxtcutonn
ofnanninytructonninnotoorS,nitngotynthroughnanninytructonncScltnwhichnfirytnfttchtynthtninytructonnandnthtndatan(ifn
rtquirtd)nfroonotoorS,ndtcodtynthtninytructonn(whatnactonntonmtrforo),nandnmtrforoynthtnacton.nThtnrtyultnofnthtn
coomutatonnoaSnbtnytortdnagainninnthtnotoorS.nThuy,nthtn PUncontrolynthtntntrtndatanflownandninytructonyninyidtn
thtncoomuttr.nTonfacilitattnfunctoning,nthtn PUncoomriytynthtnfollowingncoomontntyn(Fign1.3):
● Registers
Whiltnmroctyyingnanninytructon,nthtn PUnnttdyntonytortninnitynlocalnytoragtnthtninytructon,notoorSnaddrtyytynbtingn
rtftrrtdnduringnthtninytructonntxtcuton,ndatanomtrandyn(onnwhichnomtratonniyntonbtncarritdnout),nandnthtnrtyultnofn
thtncoomutaton.nFornytoringnandnacctyyingnthtninforoatonnotntontdnabovt,nthtn PUnrtquirtynhigh-ymttdnttomorarSn
ytoragtnunity,ncalltdnrtgiyttry.n tvtralnrtgiyttrynartnalyontquimmtdnwithncircuitrSnfornmtrforoingntltotntarSnomtratonyn
liktnadditonnandnyubtracton.nHowtvtr,naynthtnrtgiyttrynartnouchnoortntxmtnyivtnthannthtnoainnotoorS,nthtn PUnhayn
onlSnanlioittdnnuobtrnofnthto.nn
● Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
ThtnArithottcnLogicnUnitn(ALU)nofnthtn PUnmtrforoynallnarithottcn(n+,-,*,/)nandnlogicaln(>,<,>=,<=,<>)nomtratony.nWhiltn
thtnrtyultnofnannarithottcnomtratonniynannuotricnvalut,nthtnrtyultnofnanlogicalnomtratonn(yuchnayn7<8)niyntithtrnTruenorn
False.nThtnvalutynTruenandnFalsenartncalltdnBooltannvalutyninnhonournofnGtorgtnBoolt,nwhondtvtlomtdnannalgtbran
(againnnaotd,nBooltannalgtbra,ninnhiynhonour)nthatnconyttuttynthtnbayiynofnallncoomuttrncoomutatony.nThtndatanforn
txtcutngnanninytructonnoaSnalrtadSnbtnavailabltninnthtnrtgiyttrynornfttchtdninnthtnALUnrtgiyttrynfroonthtncoomuttr’yn
otoorS.nThtnrtyultnofnancoomutatonniynofttnnytortdninnthtncoomuttr’ynotoorS.nn
● Control Unit (CU)
Thtn ontroln Unitn ( U)n controlyn thtn txtcutonn ofn inytructonyn andn thtn flown ofn datan aoongytn thtn coomontntyn ofn
an coomuttr,n i.t.,n froon inmutn dtvictyn ton otoorS,n otoorSn ton ALUn andn victn vtrya,n andn froon otoorSn ton outmutn
dtvicty.nItnytndyninytructonyninnthtnforonofncontrolnyignalyntonALUntonmtrforonthtnrtquirtdnarithottcnand/ornlogicaln
omtratony.
tntralnProctyyingn
Unit
achtn
Mainn MtoorS
MtoorS Inmut/Outmutn
Dtvicty
ALU
Backingnorn
AuxiliarSn KtS
toragt ontrolnUnit Data
ontrol
Fign1.3:n oomontntynofnan PU
10 Touchpad Informatics Practices-XI

