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The World Wide Web Consortium (WWWC) develops standards for the smooth growth of the World Wide Web. Fig
7.1 provides an overview of the working of WWW. The Internet connects you to WWW. When you wish to search for
information on the web, the request is relayed to the appropriate server (via the Internet), which uses the Internet to
send the reply to your system (host).
Web
Host Computer
Request
INTERNET Server
Response
Fig 7.1 WWW and Internet
WWW is a collection of resources that can be accessed via the Internet. Each resource is identified using unique
Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs).
7.1.2 Web page, Website, and URL
A Web page is a document that displays multimedia content such as text, images, audio, and video. To view a web page,
you require a web browser such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, or Microsoft Edge (formerly Internet Explorer).
An organisation typically has its content spread over several interlinked web pages. Such a collection of web pages is
called a website. Each website has a home page (the first page) that includes some important information about the
organisation and links to other web pages on the website. Using the link on the home page, one can navigate to other
pages on the website, which may also have links to other website pages. Each web page on the World Wide Web is
identified by a unique address known as Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
A URL comprises three parts, protocol name, domain name and name of the file. It identifies the web server and the
location (specific folder) of a particular web page. For example, consider the following URL:
https://www.orangebooks.in/services/book-editing-and-proofreading
Protocol Name Domain Name Path Name of Resource
In the above URL, the domain name is orangebooks, and the webpage book-editing-and-proofreading resides in the
folder services.
A URL may be absolute or relative. An absolute URL contains the complete address, which includes the protocol,
domain name and path name of the resource. On the other hand, a relative URL may contain the domain and the
path name of the resource or just the name of the resource. It starts with a forward slash, and it is assumed that
the browser will stay on the current website. For example, https://www.orangebooks.in/services/book-editing-and-
proofreading is an absolute URL, while /services/book-editing-and-proofreading is a relative URL.
A Web page is a document that displays multimedia content such as text, images, audio, and video.
A collection of interlinked web pages is called a website.
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