Page 35 - IT_V5.0_Class6
P. 35

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

                 Problem 4: Write an algorithm to convert hours to minutes.
                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
                 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________


                    CONTROL STRUCTURES IN AN ALGORITHM

                 When we write an algorithm, we often need to control the flow of how the steps happen. This
                 is done using control structures. These are like "rules" that tell the algorithm what to do next
                 based on certain conditions. There are three main control structures: sequential, selection, and
                 repetition.
                 Sequential

                 This is the simplest form of an algorithm where the steps of the algorithm are followed one
                 after another, in order, just like reading a book from the first page to the last without skipping
                 anything. The algorithms you have written till now are examples of sequential structure.
                 Selection

                 This is a control structure in an algorithm where you make a choice. It’s like asking a question
                 and then deciding what to do next based on the answer. The algorithm will follow one path if
                 a condition is true and a different path if the condition is false. In simple terms, it helps the
                 algorithm make decisions. For example, checking if you need to charge your phone:

                    If the phone battery is below 20%, charge the phone.
                    Else, charge the phone.
                 The algorithm will be:

                 Step 1:  Start
                 Step 2:  Check the phone battery.
                 Step 3:  IF the battery is below 20% THEN
                                Charge the phone.

                 Step 4:  ELSE:
                                Continue using the phone.
                 Step 5:  Stop









                                                                                       Algorithm and Flowchart   33
   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40