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Output: The final result is produced by the computer after processing.
This flow of information forms a cycle known as the Input-Process-Output (IPO) Cycle.
Let's look at this cycle through an example:
For Making Orange Juice
Input: Oranges, water, sugar
Process: Squeezing the oranges and mixing them with water and sugar
Output: Fresh orange juice
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER
A block diagram is a visual representation of how different parts of a computer are connected.
CPU
Control Unit
Arithmetic
Input Output
Logic Unit
Memory Unit
VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
A computer system consists of various parts, each with its own job. These parts are divided into
two categories: hardware and software.
Hardware
Hardware refers to the parts of the computer that we can see and touch. These include all devices
used for input, processing, output, and storage. For example, a keyboard, mouse, and monitor
are all hardware components of a computer system.
The hardware components are divided into four groups:
Hardware
Input Processing Output Storage
Devices Device Device Devices
Input Devices
Input devices are hardware components that enable users to input data and commands into a
computer. Let’s explore some commonly used input devices.
Keyboard: The keyboard is essential for
interacting with computers, allowing us to type,
enter commands, and input data. Keyboards can
be wired via USB or wireless using Bluetooth,
offering more freedom.
Fundamentals of Computer 13

