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Output: The final result is produced by the computer after processing.

                 This flow of information forms a cycle known as the Input-Process-Output (IPO) Cycle.
                 Let's look at this cycle through an example:
                 For Making Orange Juice
                     Input: Oranges, water, sugar

                     Process: Squeezing the oranges and mixing them with water and sugar
                     Output: Fresh orange juice

                    BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER

                 A block diagram is a visual representation of how different parts of a computer are connected.
                                                                 CPU


                                                              Control Unit


                                                               Arithmetic
                                             Input                                  Output
                                                               Logic Unit

                                                              Memory Unit



                    VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER

                 A computer system consists of various parts, each with its own job. These parts are divided into
                 two categories: hardware and software.
                 Hardware

                 Hardware refers to the parts of the computer that we can see and touch. These include all devices
                 used for input, processing, output, and storage. For example, a keyboard, mouse, and monitor
                 are all hardware components of a computer system.
                 The hardware components are divided into four groups:


                                                               Hardware


                                          Input        Processing      Output        Storage
                                         Devices         Device        Device         Devices

                 Input Devices

                 Input devices are hardware components that enable users to input data and commands into a
                 computer. Let’s explore some commonly used input devices.

                    Keyboard: The keyboard  is essential for
                    interacting with computers, allowing us to type,
                    enter commands, and input data. Keyboards can
                    be wired via USB  or wireless  using Bluetooth,
                    offering more freedom.


                                                                                    Fundamentals of Computer     13
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