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eqUivaLent Fractions

Riya has a chocolate bar. She wants to share it with her sister Siya. So, she cuts it

into pieces as shown below.

1 whole

1 out of 2 equal parts represents 1
2

2 out of 4 equal parts represent 2
4

4 out of 8 equal parts represent 4
8

,
All the fractions 1 2 and 4 show the same part of the chocolate, that is, half of it.
2 4 8
So, 1 , 2 , 4 are called equivalent fractions.
2 4 8
Thus, the fractions that represent the same part of a whole or have the same value

are called equivalent fractions.

Finding equivalent Fractions

An equivalent fraction can be obtained by either multiplying or dividing the numerator

and denominator of a fraction by the same non-zero number.
Multiply the
×2 ×2 ×2 ×2 numerator and

For example: 1 = 2 = 4 8 16 the denominator
2 4 8 16 32 by the same

×2 ×2 ×2 ×2 number.

÷3 ÷3 ÷3 ÷3 Divide the
Similarly, 81 = 27 = 9 3 1 numerator and
243 81 27 9 3 the denominator

÷3 ÷3 ÷3 ÷3 by the same
number.
Example 1: Write two equivalent fractions of 3 .
4

Solution: 3 = 3 × 2 = 6 and 3 = 3 × 3 = 9
4 4 × 2 8 4 4 × 3 12

So, two equivalent fractions of 3 are 6 and 9 .
4 8 12

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