Page 248 - MathGPT_V1.0_C5

D:\Surender Prajapati\Books Final_CBSE and ICSE\ICSE\Preparatory_Stage_Maths-5_(31-10-2023)\Open_Files\CHAP_13
\\November 3, 2023 12:46 PM Surender Prajapati Proof 2 Reader _________________________ Date: ___________________74

PERCENTAGE

The word ‘per cent’ is derived from the Latin word ‘per centum’, means ‘per hundred’.

So, to find the percentage of a number or a quantity, it is divided by one hundred.
We can say that percentages are numerators of fractions with denominator 100.

Per cent is represented by the symbol ‘%’ and it means hundredths.
For example, 1% means ‘1 out of 100’ or ‘one-hundredth’.

It can be written as: 1% = 1 = 0.01 (One-hundredth)
100
Similarly, 7% means 7 out of 100 = 7 = 0.07 = 7 hundredths
100

Similarly, 18% means 18 out of 100 = 18 = 0.18 = 18 hundredths
100
Hence, Raman got 64% marks and Maya got 78% marks in the examination.
Representation of Percentage Pictorially

Let us make a square grid of 100 unit squares. 36 unit squares are shaded green.

So, 36 out of 100 squares are shaded green.

That is 36 of the grid is shaded green.
100
Therefore, 36% of the grid is shaded green.

Now, number of unshaded squares = 100 – 36 = 64
Therefore, 64 parts are unshaded.
So, 64 out of 100 parts are unshaded.

or 64 of the grid is unshaded.
100
Thus, 64% of the grid is unshaded.

CONVERTING FRACTIONS INTO PERCENTAGE

We can convert a fractional number into percentage by multiplying by 100, and put the
symbol % and simplify it, if needed.
Example: Convert the following fractions into percentages.

(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 2
4 5 20 3
1
Solution: (a) 1 = × 100 % = 100 % = 25%
4 4 4

4
(b) 4 = × 100 % = 400 % = 80%
5 5 5

4 4 × 20
Alternative method: =
5 5 × 20 1 = 25 = 25%
4 100

246 Mathematics-5