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E:\Working\Focus_Learning\Math_Genius_5_(05-10-2023)\Open_Files\CHAP_02
\\February 27, 2024 10:04 AM Surender Prajapati Proof 5 Reader _________________________ Date: ___________________74
(d) A government purchased 850725 bags of wheat. 408368 bags were sold in the
market. How many bags were left in their stock?
(e) A contractor purchased 650750 bricks for construction. 585051 bricks were used
in a building. How many bricks remained with the contractor?
(f) Anil invested `955890 in a business and Sunil invested `682580 in another
business. Who invested more money and by how much?
muLtiPLicAtion of numbers
multiplication by 10, 100, or 1000,...
When a number is multiplied by 10, we put a zero to the right side of the number.
examples: (a) 342 × 10 = 3420 (b) 5648 × 10 = 56480
When a number is multiplied by 20, 30, 40, ..., 90, we multiply the number by 2, 3, 4,
..., 9 respectively and put a zero to the right side of the product so obtained.
examples: (a) 278 × 20 = 5560 (b) 3142 × 50 = 157100
When a number is multiplied by 100, we put two zeroes to the right side of the number.
examples: (a) 643 × 100 = 64300 (b) 8572 × 100 = 857200
When a number is multiplied by 200, 300, 400, ..., 900, we multiply the number by 2, 3,
4, ..., 9 respectively and then put two zeroes to the right side of the product so obtained.
examples: (a) 78 × 400 = 31200 (b) 273 × 800 = 218400
When a number is multiplied by 1000, we put three zeroes to the right side of the number.
examples: (a) 15 × 1000 = 15000 (b) 198 × 1000 = 198000
When a number is multiplied by 2000, 3000, 4000, ..., 9000, we multiply the number
by 2, 3, 4, ..., 9 respectively and put three zeroes to the right side of the product so
obtained.
examples: (a) 24 × 3000 = 72000 (b) 571 × 7000 = 3997000
multiplication of Large numbers
Larger numbers are multiplied in the same way as smaller numbers. To multiply large
numbers, we follow the following steps.
Step 1: Write the numbers in column.
Step 2: Start multiplication from the ones place.
Step 3: Move to the tens place, hundreds place and so on.
Step 4: Add the carry over if any.
The number that is to be multiplied is called the multiplicand.
The number by which we multiply is called the multiplier.
The result of the multiplication is called their product.
36 Mathematics-5
