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\ 07-Nov-2024 Bharat Arora Proof-8 Reader’s Sign _______________________ Date __________

Thus, data is a collection of facts, numbers, measures, observations and other descriptions of
things that give some information about those things.

Need of Data

In the era of information, a large amount of data present to us in very interesting way. Information,
facts, and numbers are collected, examined, considered and used in decision-making. Data is
collected for various organisations such as companies, institutions, government organizations,
NGOs, etc. For example:
1. A large amount of data about us collected by the Census Department of the
Government of India that helps the government to understand socio-economic
conditions, education, age groups, sex etc. and to form policies.

2. Insurance companies use data like age, gender, health and a few other factors to decide the
amount of premium individuals have to pay to cover their lives.
3. In medical industry, data obtained by studying the case histories of thousands of patients
suffering from a particular disease, (like COVID-19) is analysed to determine its causes and to
conduct research to find its cures.

Types of Data

There are two types of data:
1. Primary data: The data collected directly from the source is known as primary data. For
example, the class teacher records the test marks of his/her students.

2. Secondary data: The data derived from the primary data is called secondary data. For example,
the weather reports for different cities published by newspapers, or telecast on television/on
internet, etc.

www
MAths connect

The table given below shows the performance of the top five countries in the Paris Olympics 2024.
Some of the data is missing. First, complete the table and then answer the following questions:
Medals
Countries Total
Gold Silver Bronze

United States of America 40 44 ..... 126
People’s Republic of China 40 ..... 24 91
Japan 20 12 13 .....
Australia ..... 19 16 53
France 16 ..... 22 64

1. Name the countries that won less than 20 bronze medals.
2. Which country won the least number of silver medals?
3. Which country won the third-highest total medals?
4. How many gold medals did the top three countries win together?

105 Data Handling and Presentation