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Drawing a Bar Graph

We have learnt about reading and interpreting bar graphs. Now, we will learn about the construction
of bar graphs.

To draw a bar graph, we follow the steps mentioned below:

Step 1: First, draw two mutually perpendicular lines. Name the horizontal line as x-axis and the
vertical line as y-axis.

Step 2: To make a vertical bar graph, mark the heads along horizontal line, leaving equal space
between consecutive heads and mark the frequencies along the vertical line.

Step 3: Choose a suitable scale so that all the frequencies fit on the axis.
Step 4: Using the chosen scale, decide the height of bar for each head.

Step 5: Draw the bars for all the heads considered.

Let us understand it with an example.

Example 7: A survey of 120 children of a society was done to find which green vegetable they like
to eat. The results were recorded as follows:

Green vegetable Number of children
Peas 40

Capsicum 30
Broccoli 20

Beans 10
Spinach 20

Draw a bar graph to illustrate the above data visually.
Solution: To draw a bar graph, we proceed as follows:

Step 1: Draw two mutually perpendicular lines, one horizontal and the other vertical.

Step 2: Along the horizontal line, mark the activities and along the vertical line mark
the number of students.

Step 3: Take bars of equal width, keeping equal gaps between adjoining bars.

Step 4: Take 1 unit height of bars = 10 children. The heights of the bars for various
vegetables are:
Peas : 40 ÷ 10 = 4 units

Capsicum : 30 ÷ 10 = 3 units

Broccoli : 20 ÷ 10 = 2 units

Beans : 10 ÷ 10 = 1 unit

Spinach : 20 ÷ 10 = 2 units

121 Data Handling and Presentation