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08 FUNCTIONS IN C++
Your Aim
to learn about:
Function
Types of Parameters and Arguments
Different Methods to Call a Function
Scope of Variables
More Solved Programs
Sometimes, you need to reuse the code written previously. In that case, either you copy and
paste the code or rewrite the same code again. But, that is possible only a few number of times.
If you need the same code a hundred times, then it will be a tedious task to copy paste the same
code again and again. It also increases the length of the code and decreases the efficiency of the
code. To avoid such situations, C++ provides the concept of functions.
FUNCTION
A function is a block of organized and reusable code used to perform a particular task.
It allows you to reuse a code many times and reduces duplicity in a program. It saves time
as we need not to write the same code again and again. It simplifies the code by breaking
it into smaller units. C++ provides two types of functions which are: built-in functions and
user-defined functions. Let us discuss them in detail. In this chapter, we will learn about user-
defined functions.
Built-in Functions
Built-in functions are predefined functions provided by C++. The functions are written in the
header files or library files. Hence, these are also called library functions. You can directly use
these functions in your code like getch( ). The getch() function is defined in the conio.h header
file. We will learn more about built-in functions in the next chapter.
User-Defined Functions
C++ allows you to create your own functions. These are known as user-defined functions. You
can use any logic in the function according to your requirement. Creation of a user-defined
function consists of three parts: declaration, definition and call.
Functions in C++ 73

