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For example, a dog has some properties like colour, breed, hairs, ear, etc. and behaviour like
                  barking, eating, sleeping, etc.


                                                                Object
                                                                (dog)




                                    Properties                                         Behaviour
                               (colour, breed, hairs)                          (barking, eating, sleeping)


                  Similarly, in object-oriented programming an object has attributes (properties) and behaviour
                  (functions to manipulate these attributes).
                  Class


                  A class can be defined as a user defined blueprint or prototype used to create objects. It contains
                  objects that have similar properties and behaviour. For example, an animal class has different
                  types of animals.


                                                                 Animal





                                    Cat                          Tiger                           Dog



                  All the animals in the animal class have similar behaviour such as eating, drinking and sleeping.
                  They also have similar properties such as colour, size and number of legs. In the same way, a
                  class in C++ contains different types of objects that have similar properties and behaviour. After
                  declaring a class, we can create a number of objects from it.

                  In C++, the class keyword is used to create a class. Following is the syntax to create a class:

                       class ClassName
                       {

                       public:       // Public data members and member functions
                       private:     // Private data members and member functions
                       };

                  Where, A class is defined using the class keyword followed by a valid name (ClassName). The
                  class body is enclosed within curly braces { }. It contains access specifiers such as public: and
                  private:. Members declared under public: can be accessed from outside the class, while those under
                  private: can only be accessed within the class. The class consists of attributes (data members)
                  and methods (functions). The definition must end with a semicolon (;). Let's create a program to
                  understand the concept better.



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