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HOW DO ROBOTS WORK?

Robots are incredible machines capable of performing tasks without human intervention. To
understand how robots work, it’s essential to learn about their key components and how these parts
work together. Whether used in manufacturing, medical procedures, or exploring space, robots

follow specific instructions and are designed to handle repetitive or dangerous jobs efficiently.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF A ROBOT

Robots are made up of several important parts that allow them to function:

• Sensors: Sensors are the robot's way of gathering information
from its surroundings. Just like humans use eyes, ears, and skin to
perceive the world, robots use sensors such as cameras,
microphones, and touch sensors. For example, a robot vacuum
uses sensors to detect walls and avoid collisions.

• Actuators: Actuators are the parts of the robot responsible for
movement. These can include motors, wheels, or robotic arms.
Actuators enable robots to lift objects, move across a surface, or
rotate to complete tasks.

• Power Supply: Every robot needs energy to operate. This energy
usually comes from batteries or an electrical source. The size and
type of the power supply depend on what the robot needs to do.
Robots in factories are often plugged into a power source, while
others, like drones, run on rechargeable batteries.

• Control System: The control system is the "brain" of the robot.
It processes all the information from the sensors and sends
commands to the actuators. In most robots, the control system

is a computer or microcontroller that runs a specific program to
control the robot's actions.

TYPES OF ROBOTS BASED ON FUNCTIONALITY

• Autonomous Robots: These robots can make decisions on their
own based on their programming and the data they collect from
sensors. For example, self-driving cars use sensors to detect obstacles
and adjust their speed.

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Uncover Artificial Intelligence & Robotics