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Chapter Profile
                                                           ENIAC— The First Electronic Computer

                                                           Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer, was
                                                           the first electronic general purpose digital computer

                                                           built in 1946 by John Mauchly and Presper Eckert. It
                                                           contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes and was 1000

                                                           times faster than Mark-I. ENIAC consumed almost 200
                                                           kw of power.
                                ENIAC

                  UNIVAC

                  UNIVAC or  Universal Automatic  Computer, was
                  another successful invention  of  John  Mauchly  and

                  Presper  Eckert  in  1951,  which  could  handle both
                  numeric and textual information.

                  The UNIVAC had 5200 vacuum tubes.
                                                                                                UNIVAC
                  Features of First Generation Computer
                      Huge in size.

                      Very expensive.

                      Made up of vacuum tubes.

                  Second Generation (1950s)                                                              Vacuum Tube

                  After 1955,  use  of  transistors and  magnetic tapes

                  changed the image of the electronic computer.
                  During this period, the major  computer manufacturers
                  began to offer a range of accessories such as: Page Printers,

                  Cathode Ray-Tube display, Card Feeders, etc.                                   Magnetic Tape
                  Features of Second Generation Computer

                      Made up of transistors.

                      Magnetic tapes were used to store data.

                      Small in size and less expensive than the first generation computer.

                      Faster and reliable.                                                                 Transistor

                  Third Generation (1960s)

                  In  the third  generation, the invention  of  Integrated  Circuits  (IC)
                  led  to  smaller-sized  computers  with  better  functioning  and  more

                  storage.                                                                         Integrated Circuits



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