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Chapter Profile
                        LADY ADA LOVELACE’S PROGRAMS


                 The instructions given to Babbage’s Analytical Engine were

                 in the form of 0’s and 1’s and the first person to introduce
                 this concept was Lady Ada Lovelace. Since she was the first
                 to introduce the concept of programming, she is known as
                 the first computer programmer.



                                                                                                  Lady Ada Lovelace

                        HERMAN HOLLERITH’S TABULATING MACHINE


                 Herman Hollerith, an army engineer, built a machine called the Tabulating Machine in
                 1890. The machine read and stored data from punched cards. After the success of this
                 machine,  Hollerith  formed  a  Computing Tabulating Recording Company to sell his

                 machine. Later in 1924, his company became a part of International Business Machines
                 Corporation, today popularly known as IBM.

















                                           Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine                Herman Hollerith

                        COMPUTER GENERATIONS


                 After these early calculating machines, the present computer took its shape in five generations.

                 First Generation (1940s)

                 There were many computers that were a part of first generation computers.

                 MARK-I (The First Electro-Mechanical Powered Computer)

                 In 1944, Prof. Howard Aikens built the first electro-

                 mechanical computer named Mark-I. It used punched
                 cards and a typewriter for input and output. Mark-I was
                 much more reliable than early electronic computers.



                                                                                               Mark-I


                                                                                              Evolution of Computers  9
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