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Contents



                                                          Digital & Cyber World

               01   Evolution of Computers                                                                             7
                       Early Counting Tools              Abacus—First Calculating Device     Pascaline Adding Machine
                       Leibniz Step Reckoner             Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine     Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs
                       Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine    Computer Generations
               02   Working with Windows 10                                                                           15
                       Files and Folders                  File Explorer                    Organising Files and Folders
                        Creating a New File or Folder     Opening Files or Folders         Selecting Files or Folders
                       Copying/Cutting and Pasting Files or Folders                        Renaming a File or Folder
                       Deleting a File or Folder         Restoring a Deleted File or Folder
                    Worksheet 1                                                                                       24
               03   More on Internet                                                                                  25
                       Uses of Internet                   Requirements to Connect to Internet     Common Terms

                                                        Computational Thinking
                    The CT Corner! (Data Processing)                                                                  31
               04   Algorithm and Flowchart                                                                           33
                       Algorithm                         Flowchart

                    Worksheet 2                                                                                       39
                    Test Sheet 1                                                                                      40
                                                               Coding World
               05   Introduction to Scratch                                                                           42
                       Uses of Scratch                   Starting Scratch                  Components of Scratch Window
                       Blocks                            Adding a Sprite                   Changing the Backdrop
                       Changing Appearance of the Sprite     Creating a New Project        Saving a Project
                       Opening a Project                 Exiting Scratch
               06   More Blocks in Scratch                                                                            53
                       Block Categories                  Setting the Sprite Position
                    Worksheet 3                                                                                       59

               07   Creating Shapes in Scratch                                                                        60
                       Pen Block                         Drawing a Line in Scratch         Drawing Polygons in Scratch
                        Drawing a Circle in Scratch
               08   Creating a Game in Scratch                                                                        67
                       Block Shapes in Scratch           Sensing Blocks                    Variables
                       Conditional Blocks                 Creating a Game
                    Worksheet 4                                                                                       78
                    Test Sheet 2                                                                                      79
                                                          Artificial Intelligence

                    The AI Corner! (Applications of Robots)                                                           81
                    Project Work                                                                                      83
                    Explore More (Evolution of Windows)                                                               86
                    OGO Cyber Sample Questions                                                                        89
                    Keyboard Shortcuts (Scratch)                                                                      91
                    Glossary                                                                                          92


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