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Chapter Profile
                  Machine Language (1GL)
                  Machine language is the only language understood by the computer. It is also known as the first
                  generation language (1GL). Machine language is very difficult for programmers to use because it

                  only consists of two digits, 0 and 1, called binary digits or bits. Where the bit '0' represents the OFF

                  state and the bit '1' represents the ON state.

                  Assembly Language (2GL)

                  Assembly language is also known as second generation language (2GL). It is the language
                  in which program codes are written in the form of alphanumeric symbols called Mnemonics
                  instead of 0 and 1. In the assembly language, a programmer writes abbreviations such as A for
                  addition, C for compare, L for load, and M for multiply. Because of this feature, it is also known
                  as Symbolic Language.

                  High-Level Language (HLL)

                  High-level language is a programming language that enables a programmer to write programs
                  that are machine independent. This type of languages are considered as high-level languages
                  because they are closer to human languages and away from machine languages.
                  The main advantages of high-level languages over low-level languages is that they are easier to
                  read, write and maintain. Let's discuss about some high-level languages.

                  Third Generation Languages (3GL)

                  In third generation languages (3GL), the programmer writes a series of English like words that
                  tell the computer what to accomplish and how to do. Many third generation languages also use
                  arithmetic operators such as * for multiplication and + for addition. Some early procedural 3GL
                  are BASIC, PASCAL, C and FORTRAN. Some other advanced object-oriented 3GL are C++, Java,
                  and C#.

                  Fourth Generation Languages (4GL)

                  The fourth generation languages also use English like statements. They specify what the program
                  should accomplish without explaining how. A 4GL is fast and requires less time and effort on the part
                  of the programmer. In fact, 4GLs are so easy to use and programmers with very little programming
                  background can develop programs. Examples of 4GL are SQL, Perl, Python, etc.

                  Natural Languages (5GL)

                  The fifth-generation languages, also known as natural languages are the programming languages
                  that have visual tools to develop a program. Examples of fifth generation language include Mercury,
                  OPS5, and Prolog. Natural language is very easy to use. Natural languages are often associated with
                  expert system and artificial intelligence.

                         LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR


                  A language translator is a software that converts a high-level language program into a machine
                  language. There are three types of language translators.




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