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Chapter Profile



                                   Imagine, computer networks as highways in the sky. What vehicles would travel
                                   on these highways and what destinations would they reach?




                        PROTOCOL

                 Protocol is a set of rules that governs the communication between the computers on a network.
                 Certain network protocols and standards must be followed in order to ensure that your computer
                 can communicate with another computer over a network.
                 Different types of protocols used for different operations on the Internet are:

                    Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): It is a set of rules that defines how the web pages transfer
                    data over the Internet.
                    Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): It is secure version of HTTP. The information is
                    converted into code to prevent unauthorised access. Nowadays, most of the websites use the
                    HTTPS protocol instead of HTTP.

                    File Transfer Protocol (FTP): It is a set of rules that allows file uploading and downloading from
                    the other computers over the Internet.
                    Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): It is a network protocol that defines
                    how the information or messages are routed from one end of a network to the other.
                    Post Office Protocol Version 3 (POP3): It is an Internet standard protocal that allows e-mail
                    clients to retrieve e-mail messages from an e-mail server.
                    Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP): It is an e-mail protocol that stores e-mail messages
                    on a mail server and allows the user to view, access and manipulate the messages on the mail
                    server from their computer.
                    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): It is an e-mail protocol for sending e-mail messages
                    across the Internet.

                          Recap



                        A computer network means a system of interconnected computers.
                        The components needed for a network are Network Interface Card, networking  cable, hub  or a
                      switch and router.
                        Various types of topologies used in a network are bus, star, tree, ring and mesh.

                        There are two types of computer network architectures – peer-to-peer network and client-server
                      network.

                        It is the most popular wireless communication technology used for homes, private business LANs
                      and public hotspots.
                        Bluetooth is a technology that enables wireless communication between low-power consumption
                      devices within a short range.
                        Protocol is a set of rules that governs the communication between the computers over a network.





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