Page 29 - Math_Genius_1 2

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dI;wVj ok;jl d izdkj (Types of Computer Virus)
fofHkUu çdkj osQ oaQI;wVj ok;jl gSa tks oaQI;wVj dks vyx&vyx rjhdksa ls laØfer djrs gSaA oaQI;wVj ok;jl dh lcls
vf/d Kkr Jsf.k;k¡ gSa %
izksxzke iQkby ok;jl cwV lsDVj ok;jl
eSØks ok;jl bZ&esy ok;jl
vkb,] buosQ ckjs esa foLrkj ls tkusaµ

izksxzke iQkby ok;jl (Program File Virus)
,d çksxzke iQkby ok;jl] ftls iQkby&laØfer ok;jl (file-infecting virus) osQ :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gS] ,d
çdkj dk oaQI;wVj ok;jl gS tks fu"iknu (executable) ;ksX; iQkbYl (çksxzke iQkbYl tSls& .exe] .com] .sys] vkfn)
dks vuqi;ksxh ;k LFkk;h :i ls {kfrxzLr djus osQ fy, laØfer djrk gSA tc ,d laØfer çksxzke iQkby dks fu"ikfnr
fd;k tkrk gS] rks ok;jl dk dksM Hkh fu"ikfnr gksrk gSA ,d ckj ok;jl fu"ikfnr gks tkus osQ ckn] ;g oaQI;wVj dh
eseksjh esa lfØ; jgrk gS vkSj vf/d çksxzkeksa dks laØfer dj ldrk gSA dHkh&dHkh] çksxzke iQkby ok;jl dks ^iQkby
batsDVj* (File injector) dgk tkrk gSA lcls vf/d Kkr çksxzke iQkby ok;jl ts:lye (Jerusalem) vkSj oSQLosQM

(Cascade) gSaA

cwV lsDVj ok;jl (Boot Sector Virus)
cwV lsDVj ok;jl lcls çfrowQy çdkj osQ oaQI;wVj ok;jl esa ls ,d gS] tks cwV lsDVj ;k gkMZ fMLd ;k ÝykWih fMLd
osQ ekLVj cwV fjdkWMZ (,echvkj) dks laØfer djrk gSA ,d ckj tc dksbZ oaQI;wVj flLVe cwV lsDVj ok;jl ls laØfer
gks tkrk gS] rks oaQI;wVj ls tqM+h dksbZ Hkh fMLd laØfer gks tk,xhA lcls vf/d Kkr cwV lsDVj ok;jl ekbdy,atyks

(Michelengelo) vkSj LVksaM (Stoned) gSaA

eSØks ok;jl (Macro Virus)
eSØks ok;jl ,d ,slk oaQI;wVj ok;jl gS] ftls eq[; :i ls ,d fof'k"V çdkj osQ nLrkostksa tSls ,e,l oMZ ;k ,e,l
,Dlsy iQkbyksa dks laØfer djus osQ fy, fMtkbu fd;k x;k gSA ;fn ge eSØks ok;jl ls laØfer nLrkost •ksyrs
gSa] rks eSØks ok;jl eseksjh esa lfØ; gks tkrk gS vkSj vU; nLrkostksa dks laØfer djuk 'kq: dj nsrk gSA dHkh&dHkh]
eSØks ok;jl mi;ksxdrkZ ,Mªsl cqd esa yksxksa dks bZ&esy layXu djosQ •qn Hkstrk gSA esfylk (Melissa) vkSj cCykl

(Bablas) lcls vf/d Kkr eSØks ok;jl gSaA

bZ&esy ok;jl (E-mail Virus)
bZ&esy ok;jl ,d çdkj dk oaQI;wVj ok;jl gS] tks bZ&esy lans'kksa osQ ekè;e ls ,d oaQI;wVj ls nwljs oaQI;wVj esa lapkfjr
gksrk gSA oqQN bZ&esy ok;jl bZ&esy lans'k osQ lkFk ,d laØfer vuqyXud osQ :i esa Hkh çsf"kr fd, tk ldrs gSaA tc dksbZ
mi;ksxdrkZ laØfer bZ&esy ;k vVSpesaV •ksyrk gS rks ;g eseksjh esa lfØ; gks tkrk gSA ;g cgqr vklku yxrk gS ysfdu
,d bZ&esy ok;jl iQkbyksa dks feVk ldrk gS] lwpukvksa dks u"V dj ldrk gS vkSj oaQI;wVj ozSQ'k dk dkj.k cu ldrk gSA

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dI;wVj ok;jl ls dls laØfer gksrk gS\ (How Does a Computer Get Infected with Virus?)
oaQI;wVj ok;jl dbZ rjg ls iSQyrk gSA muesa ls oqQN gSa %
ok;jl ls laØfer lhMh@isu Mªkbo dk mi;ksx djukA
,d laØfer bZ&esy vVSpesaV •ksyukA

baVjusV] isu Mªkbo] lhMh ;k MhohMh ls fdlh laØfer çksxzke dks MkmuyksM djukA
,d laØfer çksxzke pykuk (tks ,d xse] LØhu lsoj vkfn gks ldrk gS)
LFkkuh; oaQI;wVj usVooZQ osQ ekè;e lsA

oaQI;wVj ok;jl 27