Page 31 - Math_Genius_1 2

Vªkstu gkWlZ (Trojan Horse)
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Vªkstu gkWlZ dk mn~ns'; ml lkWÝVos;j osQ vanj •qn dks Nqikuk gS tks oS/ yxrk gSA tc flLVe ij lkWÝVos;j LFkkfir
gksrk gS] rks Vªkstu lfØ; gks tkrk gS vkSj gksLV flLVe dks laØfer dj nsrk gSA

vkvks tkusa!

'kCn ^Vªkstu* (Trojan) xzhd ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa esa Vªkstu gkWlZ dh dgkuh ls fy;k x;k gS] tks crkrh gS fd oSQls ;wukuh
Vªkstu dks migkj osQ :i esa fn, x, ,d cM+s ydM+h osQ ?kksM+s esa vius lSfudksa dks Nqikdj VªkW; osQ fdykcan 'kgj esa
ços'k djkus esa liQy gq,A Vªkstu ?kksM+ksa osQ cgqr 'kkSdhu Fks vkSj mUgksaus bl migkj ij vk¡• can djosQ Hkjkslk dj fy;kA
jkr esa] lSfud ckgj fudys vkSj 'kgj ij vanj ls geyk dj fn;kA

Likbos;j (Spyware)
Likbos;j ,d çdkj dk eSyos;j çksxzke gSA Likbos;j dk çkFkfed dk;Z mi;ksxdrkZ dh xfrfof/ ij utj j•uk vkSj
mlosQ }kjk ,df=kr dh xbZ tkudkjh dks gSdj dks okil Hkstuk gSA Likbos;j esa dksbZ laØe.k ra=k ugha gSA ;g vkerkSj
ij Vªkstu (vkSj ok;jl vkSj oElZ }kjk Hkh) }kjk Mkyk tkrk gSA ,d ckj Myus osQ ckn] ;g ihfM+r osQ oaQI;wVj ij •qn
dks LFkkfir dj ysrk gS vkSj irk yxkus ls cpus osQ fy, pqipki ogha cSB tkrk gSA

jSaleos;j (Ransomware)
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jSaleos;j og jkf'k gS tks viâr ca/d dks fjgk djus osQ fy, ek¡xh tkrh gSA blh rjg] jSaleos;j nqHkkZoukiw.kZ lkWÝVos;j
gS] ftldk mi;ksx gksLV flLVe osQ MsVk dks voS/ :i ls ,fUØIV djosQ ,Dlsl djus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA MsVk rd
igq¡p okil ikus osQ fy, gksLV flLVe osQ f'kdkj dks geykoj dks cM+h jkf'k dk Hkqxrku djuk iM+rk gSA

:VfdV (Rootkit)
:VfdV ,d eSyos;j gS] tks gksLV flLVe rd O;oLFkkid ,Dlsl çkIr djrk gSA ,d ckj tc geykoj flLVe rd
,Dlsl çkIr dj ysrk gS] rks :VfdV fNi tkrk gS ysfdu flLVe rd fo'ks"k ,Dlsl cuk, j•rk gSA :VfdV dk irk
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yxkuk eqf'dy gS D;ksafd flLVe rd fo'ks"k ,Dlsl gksus osQ dkj.k ;g VªSfoaQx lkWÝVos;j dks ck;ikl dj nsrk gSA

cSdMksj (Backdoor)
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cSdMksj ,d çdkj dk nqHkkZoukiw.kZ lkWÝVos;j gS] tks vU; lkWÝVos;j ;k iQkbyksa osQ lkFk ca/u;qDr gks djosQ oaQI;wVj esa
ços'k djrk gSA bldk mi;ksx gksLV oaQI;wVj rd fjeksV ,Dlsl çkIr djus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
vkvks tkusa!

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✶ vf/dka'k eSyos;j çksxzke baVjusV ij forfjr fd, tkrs gSa] ftUgsa vdlj vU; lkWÝVos;j osQ lkFk ca/u;qDr fd;k
tkrk gSA
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✶ eSyos;j ls cpko dk lcls vPNk rjhdk ,aVhok;jl lkWÝVos;j baLVkWy djuk gSA

,aVhok;jl (Antivirus)
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eSyos;j dh igpku djus vkSj gVkus okys çksxzkeksa osQ ,d lewg dks ,aVhok;jl lkWÝVos;j osQ :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
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vkiosQ oaQI;wVj esa ,d ,aVhok;jl lkWÝVos;j baLVkWy gksuk pkfg,A ;g oaQI;wVj esa ok;jl dk irk yxkrk gS vkSj ok;jl
dks vkiosQ oaQI;wVj flLVe ij dkWih ugha gksus nsrkA

oaQI;wVj ok;jl 29