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Experiential Learning
#Number System
Find out more about numeral system in different states of India. Write it in your notebook and type in Word
also.
#Activity
Decimal Number System
The decimal number system is a standard number system for denoting numbers. It consists of ten digits
from 0 to 9. Only these digits can be used to represent numeric value in decimal number system. Hence,
the base of decimal number system is 10. The decimal number system is the most widely used number
system. The value represented by individual digit depends on the weight and position of the digit.
The position of first digit towards left side of the decimal point is 0. The position of second digit towards
left side of the decimal point is 1. Similarly, the position of first digit towards right side of decimal point
is –1. The position of second digit towards right side of decimal point is –2, and so on.
The value of a number is determined by multiplying the digits with the weight of their position and
adding the results. This method is known as expansion method. The right-most digit of the number
has the lowest weight. This digit is called Least Significant Digit (LSD). The left-most digit of a number
has the highest weight. This digit is called Most Significant Digit (MSD). The digit 7 in the number 724
is the most significant digit and 4 is the least significant digit.
The given table shows positional weight of decimal number (724) .
10
Hundereds Tens Units
Weights 10 2 10 1 10 0
Real Value of each digit 7 × 10 2 2 × 10 1 4 × 10 0
Result 700 20 4
Binary Number System
The word binary comes from 'Bi' meaning two. We see 'bi' in words such as ‘bicycle‘ (two wheels) or
‘binocular’ (two eyes). The binary numbers have the base of 2.
A computer is a machine made up of transistors, switches and other components. All these electronic
components are in two mutually exclusive states, either ON or OFF. The two binary digits represent
these two states. Every instruction given to a computer is converted into 0’s and 1’s so that it can be
understood and implemented by the computer. Binary language is therefore known as the machine
language.
Name Size (bits) Examples
A binary number is made up of only 0s and 1s. Bit 1 Single digit either 0 or 1
Example of Binary Number: 110100 Nibble 4 Group of 4 digits
There is no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 in Binary! Byte 8 Group of 8 digits
Word 16 Group of 16 digits
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